The Challenge of Normative Influences for Program Design for Youth in Detention

‘He Has Problems; He Is Not the Problem . . .’ A Qualitative Study of Non-Custodial Staff Providing Services for Young Offenders Assessed for Foetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder in an Australian Youth Detention Centre

“…Qualitative studies have explored the experiences of youth justice staff working with and providing services for detained young people. These have explored themes of race and the overrepresentation of minority populations (Conley, 1994; Holley and VanVleet, 2008), behaviour management and perceptions of differences in gender (Baines and Alder, 1996), sexual diversity (Feinstein et al, 2000), general practice and work culture (Field, 2007), and injury prevention for detained young people (Reed et al, 2015). Health and mental health services have received attention (Knowles et al, 2012; Kumwenda et al, 2017).…”

Entrepreneurship Education in the Transformation of Incarcerated Individuals: A Review of the Literature and Future Research Directions

“…Research on juvenile conduct in detention centers finds that subjective norms emerge as the strongest predictor of youth’s intended behavior (Reed et al., 2015). In other words, interpersonal relationships with institutional peers and family significantly affected the type of behavior in which juveniles engaged (Reed et al., 2015). Using the recent work of Anderson (2018) and Butler (2019), one can also argue that increased instrumental and expressive/emotional social support from in-prison networks (e.g., other incarcerated individuals, correctional staff) and out-of-prison networks (e.g., family, friends) while engaged in entrepreneurial programming should improve not only institutional behavior, but post-prison outcomes as well.…”

“…Subjective norms are formed from the individual's beliefs about whether people close to him or her think he or she should engage in the behavior (Conner & Armitage, 1998). Research on juvenile conduct in detention centers finds that subjective norms emerge as the strongest predictor of youth's intended behavior (Reed et al, 2015). In other words, interpersonal relationships with institutional peers and family significantly affected the type of behavior in which juveniles engaged (Reed et al, 2015).…”