The challenges of studying visual expertise in medical image diagnosis

Abstract

Embracing alternative epistemological and methodological approaches for studying visual expertise can lead to a more balanced and robust future for understanding superior visual skills in medical image diagnosis as well as other medical fields.

Unboxing the Black Box of Visual Expertise in Medicine

“…• Finally, as uttered many times throughout this discussion, we need more solid theoretical models that allow to form bridges between these different methodologies presented in this special issue (see also : Gegenfurtner et al, 2016;.…”

“…To counterbalance these drawbacks, we need to use more methodological triangulation of different methods when conducting studies within visual expertise in medicine (see also : Gegenfurtner et al, 2016;). …”

Neural Correlates of Visual Perceptual Expertise: Evidence From Cognitive Neuroscience Using Functional Neuroimaging

“…While the review can offer input for discussions among scholars experienced in conducting neuroscientific studies, the manuscript is mainly written to inform scholars who are unfamiliar with the methodological repertoire of functional neuroimaging and its use in expertise research. In this review, we will particularly address expertise in medical image diagnosis, which can be defined as the inspection and interpretation of a visual representation of the human anatomy or its functions (Gegenfurtner, Kok, Van Geel, De Bruin, Jarodzka, Szulewski, & Van Merriënboer, 2017); but because this body of research is still limited and in its infancy, we will extend our review to other content domains with the aim of offering a more useful overview of current methodological decisions in the visual perceptual expertise literature. There are already several systematic reviews available on the neural aspects of visual perceptual expertise (for example, Richler & Gauthier, 2014, for face perception or Gegenfurtner, Siewiorek, Lehtinen, & Säljö, 2013, for medical image diagnosis).…”

Prospects and Pitfalls in Combining Eye Tracking Data and Verbal Reports

“…Also, this article is not a literature review. To review articles other than the one by Gegenfurtner et al (2017), see Al-Moteri, Symmons, Plummer, & Cooper (2017) ;Blondon, Wipfli, and Lovis (2015); and van der Gijp et al (2016). We start by exploring the ontology of vision and speech production and the epistemology of eye movements to grasp the major constraints involved in visual processing and speech production.…”

“…In fact, it has been argued in the context of occupational psychology that complex cognitive work tasks should be studied by integrating various sources of information, including eye movement data, when appropriate, with verbal reports (Patrick & James, 2004;Gegenfurtner et al, 2017). Patrick and James (2004) stressed that process tracing involves four stages, and important decisions have to be made in each stage.…”