Iron is an indispensable important element in the human body. Serum ferritin is a reservoir of iron. Serum protein concentration is an important indicator of the health of the shadow body. Both high and low concentrations are not conducive to physical health. The purpose of this article is to study the specific situation of the dynamic change of serum ferritin concentration during exercise and recovery. This article takes the white rat as the experimental object and uses radioimmunoassay to dynamically determine and analyze the serum ferritin concentration during exercise and recovery of the white rat result. The results of the study show that, compared with the quiet time, exercise can reduce the serum ferritin concentration in the mice from the original 36.7ng/ml to 27.1ng/ml, the concentration is reduced by 32.8%, and the serum ferritin concentration will gradually increase during recovery. After 4.2h, it returned to the quiet level, indicating that exercise can sharply reduce the serum iron albumin concentration in a short period of time, causing exercise anemia. Therefore, exercise and recovery after exercise can cause changes in the serum protein concentration in the body, change the metabolism rate of serum ferritin in the human body, and have a certain regulating effect on the serum ferritin concentration.