The changes in C/N, carbohydrate, and amino acid content in leaves during female flower bud differentiation of Juglans sigillata

Widely targeted metabolite profiling of mango stem apex during floral induction by compond of mepiquat chloride, prohexadione-calcium and uniconazole

“…KEGG enrichment analysis revealed that floral induction of mango involved multiple metabolic pathways. Zhang et al. (2022) discovered that a higher amino acid content was beneficial to walnut flower induction.…”

“…Meanwhile, early reports in mango showed that other metabolites, such as amino acids and phenols, were involved in mango FI ( Tiwari, Patel & Pandey, 2018 ). Osuna-Enciso et al (2001) reported higher amino acids content in mango flower buds than in leaf buds, indicating the increased need for amino acid during flowering ( De Postgraduados et al., 2001 ; Zhang et al, 2022 ). Meanwhile, in Arabidopsis, the increase in phosphatidylcholine (PC) levels in the stem meristems accelerated flowering while the decrease in PC levels in the stem meristems delayed flowering, indicating a correlation between PC levels and the flowering time ( Nakamura et al, 2014 ; Nakamura et al, 2019 ).…”

Cross-Talk between Transcriptome Analysis and Dynamic Changes of Carbohydrates Identifies Stage-Specific Genes during the Flower Bud Differentiation Process of Chinese Cherry (Prunus pseudocerasus L.)

“…The differentiation of flower buds from induction to dormancy is influenced by diverse factors which are responsible for the cytochemical changes as well as hormone alterations [ 6 ]. The intrinsic factors that regulate flower bud differentiation are generally regarded as being the C/N ratio, the phytohormones, as well as the involvement of the florigen genes [ 7 , 8 ]. When the ratio of carbohydrates to available nitrogen compounds in the plants is high, it is conducive to reproductive growth and may promote bud differentiation; otherwise, it is conducive to vegetative growth and inhibits flowering [ 9 ].…”

“…When the ratio of carbohydrates to available nitrogen compounds in the plants is high, it is conducive to reproductive growth and may promote bud differentiation; otherwise, it is conducive to vegetative growth and inhibits flowering [ 9 ]. The dynamic accumulation of sugars and nitrogen during flowering is significant, and when sugars are accumulated to a suitable amount, the nitrogen is conversed into the proteins needed for flowering [ 7 ]. Previous studies have demonstrated that the higher contents of soluble sugar and sucrose in the buds were beneficial to flower bud differentiation [ 6 ], and sucrose was also the initiation signals in flower induction [ 10 ].…”

“…Moreover, glucose is associated with early organ growth, contributing to the osmotic expansion of neighboring divided cells [ 11 ]. Specific amounts of amino acids and proteins are necessary for cell multiplication and morphogenesis to occur, thereby playing important roles in the process of flower bud differentiation [ 7 ]. Changes in nutrient signaling stimulate phytohormone signaling, and the synergistic action of the two nutrients may regulate plant growth and development.…”