The changes in immune cell concentration during the progression of pre-diabetes to type 2 diabetes in a high-fat high-carbohydrate diet-induced pre-diabetic rat model

Mzimela, Nomusa Christina; Ngubane, Phikelelani; Khathi, Andile

doi:10.1080/08916934.2019.1575820

Cited by 39 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…[ 37 38 ] CRP was positively related to the increased levels of FBG, TC, TG, LDL-C, and decreased HDL-C. [36] In a high-fat high-carbohydrate diet-induced prediabetic rat model, CRP was also shown to be increased significantly accompanied by inflammatory cytokines (interleukin [IL]-6 and tumor necrosis factor [TNF]-α). [39] In vitro analysis further confirmed CRP may be involved in the inflammatory response by activation of the NF-kappa B signal pathway. [40] Silymarin was proved to have anti-inflammatory functions in several diseases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

The therapeutic effects of silymarin for patients with glucose/lipid metabolic dysfunction

et al. 2020

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

The therapeutic effects of silymarin for patients with glucose/lipid metabolic dysfunction

et al. 2020

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“…Pre-diabetes and insulin resistance have also been linked to changes in immune cell concentrations, which may impact on immunity. 24 Additionally, NAFLD has been associated with recurrent bacterial infections, irrespective of the presence of metabolic syndrome. 25 A retrospective case-control study demonstrated an association between NAFLD and community-acquired pneumonia, 30 suggesting the aforementioned alterations in the immunity in patients with NAFLD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The important role of immunization in alcoholic and non‐alcoholic chronic liver disease: A population‐based study

Nasir

Vinsard

Wakefield

et al. 2020

J of Digest Diseases

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To determine differences in frequencies of vaccine-preventable diseases between alcoholic liver disease (ALD) and non-alcoholic liver disease (NALD) patients. Methods: This population-based cohort study used USA national inpatient sample ICD-9 codes from January 2012 to September 2015. Frequencies of admissions for ALD and NALD in patients with pneumococcal pneumonia, influenza, herpes zoster virus, varicella zoster virus, hepatitis A, hepatitis B, human papilloma virus, meningococcal meningitis, diphtheria, pertussis and tetanus were measured. Frequencies and patients' characteristics were compared for ALD and NALD using χ 2 test and multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results: There was no difference in admissions for hepatitis A and pneumococcal pneumonia between the ALD and NALD groups. There were fewer admissions for hepatitis B (1.17% vs 1.80%, odds ratio [OR] 0.64, P < 0.01), herpes zoster (0.12% vs 0.17%, OR 0.69, P < 0.01), influenza (0.16% vs 0.26%, OR 0.59, P < 0.01) and all others (0.005% vs 0.015%, OR 0.36, P = 0.01) in the ALD group than the NALD group. The extreme all patient refined-diagnosis related groups mortality risk was 15.24% in ALD and 7.77% in NALD admissions (P < 0.0001). Conclusions: The most frequent vaccine-preventable disease in both groups was hepatitis B. Patients with NALD had higher odds of admissions for hepatitis B, herpes zoster virus, influenza and other vaccine-preventable disease than ALD patients. However, the ALD group had a higher risk of mortality when admitted to hospital with a vaccine-preventable disease than the NALD group. K E Y W O R D S vaccination, vaccine-preventable disease, alcoholic liver diseases, non-alcoholic liver diseases, hepatitis B 1 | INTRODUCTION Chronic liver disease (CLD) has affected over 45 million people worldwide, contributing a significant disease burden to both individuals and institutions. 1 The liver, owing to its high degree of vascularity and a capillary system that is lined with immune cells, plays a major role in the immune system and liver disease may result in decreased opsonization, reticuloendothelial cellular activity and neutrophil mobilization with increased bacterial translocation. 2 In alcoholic liver disease (ALD) in particular, hepatic dendritic cells may become impaired, impacting their cell-mediated response towards certain viral infections. 3,4 CLD, including ALD and non-alcoholic liver disease (NALD),

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“…Abundant fat depots of overweight/obese patients reportedly contain autoreactive T cells that exert cytotoxic effect on adipocytes and fuel adipose inflammation [42,43].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Activation of bone marrow adaptive immunity in type 2 diabetes: rescue by co-stimulation modulator Abatacept

Santopaolo

Sullivan²,

Thomas

et al. 2020

Preprint

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AbstractHypothesisType 2 diabetes (T2D) is characterized by low-grade inflammation. Here, we investigated the state of adaptive immunity in bone marrow (BM) of patients and mice with T2D. We also tested if inhibition T cell co-stimulation by Abatacept could rescue the immune profile of T2D mice.MethodsFlow-cytometry and cytokine analyses were performed on BM samples from patients with or without T2D. Moreover, we studied the immune profile of db/db and control wt/db mice. A cohort of db/db mice was randomized to receive Abatacept or vehicle for 4 weeks, with endpoints being immune cell profile and indexes of insulin sensitivity and heart performance.ResultsT2D patients showed increased frequencies of BM CD4+ (2.8-fold, p=0.001) and CD8+ T cells (1.8-fold, p=0.01), with upregulation of the activation marker CD69 and homing receptor CCR7 in CD4+ (1.64-fold, p=0.003 and 2.27-fold, p=0.01, respectively) and CD8+ fractions (1.79-fold, p=0.05 and 1.69-fold, p=0.02, respectively). CCL19 (CCR7 receptor ligand) and CXCL10/11 (CXCR3 receptor ligands), implicated in T cell migration and activation, were the most differentially modulated chemokines. Studies in mice confirmed the activation of adaptive immunity in T2D. Abatacept reduced the activation of T cells and levels of pro-inflammatory chemokines and cytokines. Additionally, Abatacept improved indexes of cardiac systolic function, but not insulin sensitivity.ConclusionsThese novel findings support the concept of BM adaptive immune activation in T2D. Modulation of T cell co-stimulation could represent an attractive and immediately available modality to dampen inappropriate activation of adaptive immune response and protect from target organ damage.

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The changes in immune cell concentration during the progression of pre-diabetes to type 2 diabetes in a high-fat high-carbohydrate diet-induced pre-diabetic rat model

Cited by 39 publications

References 55 publications

The therapeutic effects of silymarin for patients with glucose/lipid metabolic dysfunction

The therapeutic effects of silymarin for patients with glucose/lipid metabolic dysfunction

The important role of immunization in alcoholic and non‐alcoholic chronic liver disease: A population‐based study

Activation of bone marrow adaptive immunity in type 2 diabetes: rescue by co-stimulation modulator Abatacept

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