The changes of fibroblast and periodontal ligament characteristics in orthodontic tooth movement with adjuvant HBOT and propolis: A study in Guinea pigs

Abstract

Introduction: Periodontal ligament plays an essential role in preventing relapse after orthodontic treatment. Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy (HBOT) and propolis gel can increase the amount of fibroblast in the tension area during orthodontic treatment, thus affecting the periodontal ligament. This research was aimed to analyse the difference of the width of the periodontal ligament and amount of fibroblast in the tension area with the administration of propolis gel and HBOT in an attempt to prevent orthodontic relapse. Methods: Forty-two male guinea pigs were randomly divided into 7 groups of treatments― the untreated group (I – negative group), group with rubber separator (II – positive group), 3% propolis gel treatment group (III), 5% propolis gel treatment group (IV), the HBOT treatment group (V), combination of 3% propolis gel and HBOT treatment group, and combination of 5% propolis gel and HBOT treatment group. The upper left central incisor was extracted distally using a 14-days separator rubber in the positive group and the treatment group; then the separator rubber was removed for 2 days to conduct the relapse process. The data were analysed by LSD statistical test. Results: The result of the combination of HBOT and propolis gel treatment showed significant differences among all groups (p<0.05) in the width of the periodontal ligament (1.03), and the number of fibroblasts was 95.67 in the tension site. Conclusions: The combination of HBOT and propolis gel affect the width of periodontal ligament and the number of fibroblasts in the area of the orthodontic relapse.

Potential Use of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy in Orthodontic Treatment: A Systematic Review of Animal Studies

“…13 14 15 These biomarkers provide insight into osteogenesis and osteoclast genesis molecular and cellular biology in response to orthodontic mechanical pressures. In addition, parameters or biomarkers used to analyze in the included articles comprised AP), 16 17 collagen synthesis, 16 osteoblast, 18 osteoclast, 17 osteocyte, 19 type I collagen, 20 VEGF, 21 osteocalcin, 21 fibroblast, 18 matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8), 22 transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, 22 partial pressure of oxygen (pO 2 ), 16 partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO 2 ), 16 trabecular bone density, 23 24 teeth mobility, 25 PDL width, 18 number of blood vessels, 18 and TNF receptor associated factor 6 (TRAF-6). 17 From this perspective, it can be concluded that some other biomarkers involved in the orthodontic biological process might be further investigated.…”

“…Salah and Eid used 20 orthodontic patients to evaluate the effect of HBOT on tooth mobility during orthodontic treatment. 25 The other studies used animals (Sprague-Dawley rats, 16 23 dogs, 24 guinea pigs, 18 19 21 42 and Cavia cobaya). 17 20 22 HBOT's effects got more investigated during inactive phase of orthodontic treatment.…”

“…25 According to Prayogo et al, the interaction of HBOT and propolis gel affected the PDL width and the number of fibroblasts responsible for reducing orthodontic relapse risk. 18 …”

“…25 According to Prayogo et al, the interaction of HBOT and propolis gel affected the PDL width and the number of fibroblasts responsible for reducing orthodontic relapse risk. 18 The periodontium comprises gingiva, PDL, alveolar bone, and cementum surrounding the tooth root. 43 Compared with the other components of the periodontium, gingival tissue was not investigated in the included articles to highlight the comprehensive interrelationship between orthodontics, periodontics, and HBOT.…”

Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy to Minimize Orthodontic Relapse in Rabbits

“…24 According to Prayogo et al, the interaction of HBOT and propolis gel affected the periodontal membrane width and the number of fibroblasts responsible for reducing orthodontic relapse risk. 25 Compared with other components of the periodontium, gingival tissue has not been yet investigated in studies highlighting the comprehensive interrelationship between orthodontics, periodontics, and HBOT. 26 HBOT offers some potential effects to be investigated in preventing orthodontic relapse but its role in reorganizing and repairing gingival fibers after orthodontic treatment is not fully understood.…”