The changing face of maxillofacial trauma during the 2020 COVID-19 lockdowns in Melbourne, Australia

Nhongo, Sipho Simon; Sklavos, Anton; Lee, Kai; Chan, Steven; Austin, Stephen F.

doi:10.1007/s10006-022-01041-6

Cited by 21 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 14 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The statistical analysis conducted by the authors shows a much lower percentage of domestic trauma in 2019 than in 2020; these were mainly due to accidental falls of elderly patients (76.67% in 2019 vs. 25% in 2020). This is also reported in other studies that attest a decrease in the rate of road accidents and sports-related injuries (4.17% in 2020 vs. 20% in 2019) due to the confinement and isolation measures adopted by governments [ 1 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 ]. The most important issue is the increase in domestic trauma from interpersonal violence, especially against women and children, recorded in 2020 compared to the previous year.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Effect of COVID-19 Italian Lockdown on Maxillofacial Trauma Related to Domestic Violence: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Ferragina

Barca

Sorrentino³

et al. 2022

Life

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: This retrospective study aims to identify the potential reasons for the increase in maxillofacial trauma from domestic violence in the first COVID-19 lockdown and propose some strategies that could be effective in fighting it during any future pandemic events. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted on patients with maxillofacial trauma who arrived at the Maxillofacial Unit of the Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro from 9 March to 3 May 2020, who were compared with those registered in the same period in 2019. Inclusion criteria were: patients of both sexes and admission diagnosed with maxillofacial trauma with or without bone fracture. Exclusion criteria were: patients less than 7 years of age, maxillofacial trauma that occurred outside the established period, and patients unconscious or with unclear clinical history. Patients were divided into two groups according to the mechanism of injury (MOI): “domestic” and “non-domestic” trauma. Both descriptive and regressive statistical analysis was conducted using a Student’s t-test with a significance level set at p < 0.05. Results: The total number of maxillofacial fractures in 2020 was similar to 2019 (31 pcs in 2020 vs. 38 pcs in 2019). Before the lockdown, most of the trauma occurred in non-domestic settings (25% in 2020 vs. 76.67% in 2019), especially in road accidents (4.17% in 2020 vs. 20% in 2019). During the lockdown, most of the trauma occurred in a domestic setting (75% in 2020 vs. 23.33% in 2019), especially interpersonal violence (31.58% in 2020 vs. 14.28% in 2019). There were 7 cases of interpersonal violence recorded in 2020 (1 male and 6 female), compared to only one case (female) recorded in 2019, with a statistically significant p-Value (0.0475). Conclusions: The first COVID-19 lockdown has provided the opportunity to study the aetiology of domestic trauma due to interpersonal violence attributable to economic and social problems, all of which were aggravated by the impediment to requesting help due to the difficulty of contacting the services and the general slowdown in the ways out of violence. The analysis conducted and compared with data in the literature suggests the adoption of a proactive (and non-reactive) approach to combat domestic violence during pandemic events.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Effect of COVID-19 Italian Lockdown on Maxillofacial Trauma Related to Domestic Violence: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Ferragina

Barca

Sorrentino³

et al. 2022

Life

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This is the first epidemiologic study of maxillofacial fractures in Umbria, Italy, and one of few studies analyzing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the epidemiology of maxillofacial traumas 16,18–24. Umbria has 870,165 inhabitants,25 an area of 8.456 km 2 and borders Lazio, Tuscany and Marche.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…16,17 This is the first epidemiologic study of maxillofacial fractures in Umbria, Italy, and one of few studies analyzing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the epidemiology of maxillofacial traumas. 16,[18][19][20][21][22][23][24] Umbria has 870,165 inhabitants, 25 an area of 8.456 km 2 and borders Lazio, Tuscany and Marche. It is well known for its picturesque medieval villages (like Gubbio and Assisi, the town of Saint Francesco) that attract tourism, mainly for religious purposes.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Maxillofacial Fractures in the Province of Terni (Umbria, Italy) in the Last 11 Years: Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic

Spallaccia

Vellone

Colangeli

et al. 2022

Journal of Craniofacial Surgery

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The main purpose of this retrospective study is to analyze the main causes and the main anatomical structures involved in maxillofacial traumas in the province of Terni, Umbria. From January 2009 to July 2021, 603 patients were admitted with a maxillofacial trauma diagnosis and underwent surgery at “Santa Maria Hospital” in Terni, Italy. The collected data included sex, age, nationality, cause of trauma, type of fractures, comorbidities, clinical signs, symptoms, date of admission, and date of discharge from the hospital. Causes were divided into 5 categories: road traffic accidents, accidental falls, physical assault, sport accidents, and occupational injuries. Men were more involved than women, with a male:female ratio of 325:1. The mean age of the population was 41.7 years. The main cause of trauma were road traffic accidents (36%), followed by accidental falls (27%), an increasing phenomenon during the current SARS-CoV-2 global pandemic. The orbital floor was the most fractured anatomical site, followed by zygoma and nasal bones.

show abstract

“…False negatives due to SARS-CoV-2 mutations, or poor collection, transport, or handling are also possible [ 11 ]. After reviewing the literature, we found that many other studies monotonously focused on facial trauma epidemiology during the pandemic [ 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 ]. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case–control study concerning SARS-CoV-2-OSC in asymptomatic COVID-19 patients with OWF-PNS.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is orbital wall fracture associated with SARS-CoV-2 ocular surface contamination in asymptomatic COVID-19 patients?

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objectives To assess the relationship between orbital wall fractures connecting to paranasal sinuses (OWF-PNS) and SARS-CoV-2 ocular surface contamination (SARS-CoV-2-OSC) in asymptomatic COVID-19 patients. Methods This was a prospective case–control study enrolling two asymptomatic COVID-19 patient cohorts with vs. without OWF-PNS in the case–control ratio of 1:4. All subjects were treated in a German level 1 trauma center during a one-year interval. The main predictor variable was the presence of OWF-PNS (case/control); cases with preoperative conjunctival positivity of SARS-CoV-2 were excluded to rule out the possibility of viral dissemination via the lacrimal gland and/or the nasolacrimal system. The main outcome variable was laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2-OSC (yes/no). Descriptive and bivariate statistics were computed with a statistically significant P ≤ 0.05. Results The samples comprised 11 cases and 44 controls (overall: 27.3% females; mean age, 52.7 ± 20.3 years [range, 19–85]). There was a significant association between OWF-PNS and SARS-CoV-2-OSC (P = 0.0001; odds ratio = 20.8; 95% confidence interval = 4.11–105.2; R-squared = 0.38; accuracy = 85.5%), regardless of orbital fracture location (orbital floor vs. medial wall versus both; P = 1.0). Conclusions Asymptomatic COVID-19 patients with OWF-PNS are associated with a considerable and almost 21-fold increase in the risk of SARS-CoV-2-OSC, in comparison with those without facial fracture. This could suggest that OWF-PNS is the viral source, requiring particular attention during manipulation of ocular/orbital tissue to prevent viral transmission.

show abstract

The changing face of maxillofacial trauma during the 2020 COVID-19 lockdowns in Melbourne, Australia

Cited by 21 publications

References 14 publications

Effect of COVID-19 Italian Lockdown on Maxillofacial Trauma Related to Domestic Violence: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Effect of COVID-19 Italian Lockdown on Maxillofacial Trauma Related to Domestic Violence: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Maxillofacial Fractures in the Province of Terni (Umbria, Italy) in the Last 11 Years: Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic

Is orbital wall fracture associated with SARS-CoV-2 ocular surface contamination in asymptomatic COVID-19 patients?

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About