The changing pattern of industrial scientific research collaboration in Sweden

Understanding industries-universities collaboration tendency, a Swedish-Tunisian comparative study

“…A new product developed around the innovation may fail to generate sufficient competitive advantage; from the moment other firms may enter the market and provide similar products quiet easily, reducing significantly the innovating firm's profits. So, because the "research" aspect of R&D is as important as the "development" one [8], firms are invited to be innovative deploying cooperation strategies [14]. There, research and business leaders have a clear imperative and opportunity to introduce changes to improve the effectiveness of new technology development programs.…”

“…Nowadays, technology development projects are considered as the "growth engines which provide the platforms for the next generation of products and processes" [14]. Therefore, the expression "technology development" refers now to a special class of development projects where the deliverable is new knowledge, new technology, a technical capability, or a technological platform, or also a new process.…”

“…Therefore, the expression "technology development" refers now to a special class of development projects where the deliverable is new knowledge, new technology, a technical capability, or a technological platform, or also a new process. These projects, which include fundamental research projects, science projects, basic research, and often technology platform projects, lead then to multiple commercial projects-new product or new process development [14].…”

“…Collateral development of technology is then desirable [14] and although breakthroughs in technology require time and discoveries and innovations cannot be scheduled, industries and universities need to manage resources and programs.…”

A decisão de cooperação universidade-empresa sob a ótica dos líderes de grupos de pesquisa da USP cadastrados no diretório de pesquisa do CNPq

“…Esse fenômeno foi observado na atividade científica sueca, em nível internacional. Aproximadamente 25% de suas publicações internacionais em engenharia e tecnologia foram produzidas com participação do setor privado (OKUBO et al, 2000). O terceiro grupo das cláusulas refere-se às atividades de controle e monitoramento.…”