The Changing Social Role of Religion in Eastern and Central Europe: Religion's Revival and its Contradictions

Tomka, Miklós

doi:10.1177/003776895042001004

Cited by 28 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…4. Miklos Tomka (1991) provides an interesting alternative interpretation of the Hungarian religious revival in his paper entitled "Secularization or Anomy? Interpreting Religious Change in Communist Societies."…”

Section: Notesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ironically, in the process of attempting to eliminate all religion, the Hungarian communists were forced to absorb the activities of churches into the state infrastructure. Miklos Tomka (1991) explains Soviet-style social structure: Some of the particularly significant properties of communist development are: the enforced character of the planned economy and its detachment from social conditions; the concentration of power in the hands of the leadership of a single party; and the explicit ideological legitimization of those invested with power. From the point of view of the social system, this phenomenon is not one of differentiation and segmentation but, on the contrary, of unification.…”

Section: The Alternatives Of Secularization Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hungary for Religion: A Supply‐Side Interpretation of the Hungarian Religious Revival

Froese

2001

Scientific Study of Religion

103

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The collapse of Soviet Communism has brought about sweeping revivals of religion in most of Eastern Europe and the Soviet successor states. This astonishing change in religious activity appears ideal for further testing of the supply-side theory of religious change. In this paper I investigate whether the dramatic religious revival in Hungary can be explained using a supply-side framework. I begin with a brief sketch of the history of religion in 20th-century Hungary in order to place current data in the proper context. Next, I present data from national surveys of Hungary and eyewitness accounts to assess the causal relationship between religious restrictions and religious activity as predicted by supply-side theory. Then I investigate secularization accounts of religious activity in Hungary and conclude that the supply-side thesis best fits the available data. Finally, I indicate the leveling off of the Hungarian revival due to decreased religious competition and posit future expectations concerning religious activity in Hungary.

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Section: Notesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Alternatives Of Secularization Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Hungary for Religion: A Supply‐Side Interpretation of the Hungarian Religious Revival

Froese

2001

Scientific Study of Religion

103

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“…In most ECE countries, forced secularisation policies implemented during the communist era considerably weakened the position of the Church, causing institutional religiosity to decline sharply (Molteni, 2017;Müller & Neundord, 2012;Borowik, 2006). After the collapse of communism, there was a revival in religious practices and religious belief that was particularly noticeable in the younger cohorts in Orthodox countries, who were socialised after the regimes had ended (Tomka, 1995;Gautiert, 1997;Borowik, 2002;Müller & Neundord, 2012;Brenner, 2016). In Catholic Eastern European countries, religious practices have decreased steadily while religious belief has increased slightly or remained stable.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Religiosity differences in the transition to first intercourse before age 18 among Polish students

Wróblewska

2020

Genus

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Poland is a Catholic country and is one of a few countries in Europe where the percentage of people declaring themselves as non-believing remains rather low. Thus, most young Poles are brought up in Catholic families and receive religious instruction at school. The purpose of this study is to estimate the effects of religiosity and gender on the risk of first intercourse before age 18 among university students in Poland. We analysed data from two comparative studies of affective life, sexual behaviour, and attitudes conducted among university students in 2001 and 2013. We used survival analysis techniques to test for relative differences in the effects of religiosity on the timing of first sexual intercourse. While the results confirm that religiosity was a significant differentiating factor in the sexual behaviours of students in Poland, they also show that religiosity was a significant predictor of sexual abstinence only if a young person regarded religion as very important. The unadjusted median age at first sex for the participants who attached no or little importance to religion was more than 2 years lower than the median age among those who considered religion very important and attended church services regularly. The findings also indicate that there were significant gender differences, with young males transitioning to sex earlier than young females, albeit only among the 2001 cohort. The multivariate analyses confirm the absence of significant gender differences in FSI before age 18 within religious groups (controlling for other factors) in the cohort of students born after 1990. The results for control variables are consistent with the literature indicating that growing up in a two-parent household has a protective effect, and that teenage lifestyles are significant. Our observation of a distinct polarity of students with respect to religiosity and the timing of sexual debut may be a starting point for further analyses of FSI determinants.

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“…In addition to the opening of economic markets, the failure of communism also liberated a decades-long oppression of religion. Such “religious resurgence” (Burgess, 2009; Greeley, 1994; Tomka, 1995) became a common descriptor of post-atheist Europe and sparked new speculations on the role of religion in these societies.…”

Section: Institutional Trust In Postcommunist Societymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relationship Between Religious Nationalism, Institutional Pride, and Societal Development: A Survey of Postcommunist Europe

Barry

2020

Journal of Developing Societies

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Past research suggests that religious nationalism increases during periods of dramatic change and insecurity. This article uses survey data to examine religious nationalism in postcommunist Europe. The analysis of the data reveals an increase of religious nationalism over the last two decades in these countries. This analysis also reveals that there has been a contradictory decline of religiosity in these countries during the same period. These findings are discussed in relation to national development, institutional pride, global populism, and the literature on religiosity.

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The Changing Social Role of Religion in Eastern and Central Europe: Religion's Revival and its Contradictions

Cited by 28 publications

References 1 publication

Hungary for Religion: A Supply‐Side Interpretation of the Hungarian Religious Revival

Hungary for Religion: A Supply‐Side Interpretation of the Hungarian Religious Revival

Religiosity differences in the transition to first intercourse before age 18 among Polish students

The Relationship Between Religious Nationalism, Institutional Pride, and Societal Development: A Survey of Postcommunist Europe

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