The Changing Status of Reedswamp in the Norfolk Broads

Boorman, L. A.; Fuller, R. M.

doi:10.2307/2402493

Cited by 77 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…However, it must also be borne in mind that abo\e ground, acute or persistent damage to emergent or emerging buds and culms by mowing (Dinka et al, 1995), grazing (Boorman & Fuller, 1981), or co\'ering by rotting algal mats (Klotzli, 1971) might be sufficient to cause or initiate die-back. Klotzli suggested that alga!…”

Section: F I X a L D I S C L' S S I O Xmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phragmites die–back: bud and root death, blockages within the aeration and vascular systems and the possible role of phytotoxins

1996

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S I' M M h R YDie-back and healthy stands oi Phragmites australu (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud. in the UK and Hungary were compared in terms of stand architecture, plant morphology and anatomy, sediment redox potential and sulphide le\-els, plant resistance to internal Poiseuille gas flow, and convecti\-e flow characteristics of culms. Compared with healthy sites, die-back sites were characterized by lower sedmient redox potentials, and in Hungary by \-ery high sulphide levels. Plants at die-back sites showed a markedly clumped distribution, with fewer new shoots and fewer old flower heads than those at healthy sites, a high incidence of dead and decaying rhizomes and roots, and dead 'o\'er\vintering' and 'growing season' buds, and occasional prematurely senesced culms. Dead and stunted ad\'entitious roots with short peg-like laterals were very common, and there was abnormal hgnification and suberization within the cortex and epidermis/hypodermis of adventitious root apices, and in the epidermis of lateral roots. Callus was found blocking the internal aeration pathways m root aerenchyma, root-rhizome junctions, rhizome nodes and the bases of buds and culms. Blockages of the \ ascular elements of both x>-lem and phloem m rhizomes and roots were also common. At the die-back sites, callus accounted {or a greater resistance to gas Row from the dead aerial culms into the rhizome system. Compared with healthy culms, prematurely senesced culms from die-back sites exhibited smaller potentials for aerating the rhizome s\stem by humidityinduced con\ection.It is suggested that die-back in Phragnutes might be brought about and perpetuated at least partly b\" phytotoxins which induce (a) blockages within the aeration pathways due to callus development, (h) stunting oi roots and the de\'elopment of abnormal root wall Hgnification and suberisation causing interference with water and mineral absorption, and (c) internal blockages causing interference with vascular transport. A tentati\-e scheme for Phragmites die-back is presented.

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Section: F I X a L D I S C L' S S I O Xmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phragmites die–back: bud and root death, blockages within the aeration and vascular systems and the possible role of phytotoxins

1996

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“…Amann-Moser (1975); 3, Barby (1967); 4, Barthelmes (1959); 5, Begemann et al (1982);6, Binz (1980);7, Bird (1961);8, Blab (1984); 9, Blume et al (1976);10, Bonham (1983); 11, Boorman and Fuller (1981);12, Brockmann-Jerosch (1934);13, Bruschin (1975a);14, Bruschin (1975b);15, Bruschin (1975c) 16, Bruschin andKlötzli (1977);17, Burgermeister (1978); 18, Burgermeister and Lachavanne (1980);19, Burnand (1980);20, Buttler et al (1985); 21, Calder and Ducker (1979);22, Dahms (1974);23, Dienst (1986);24, Dienst (1987);25, Dinka (1986);26, Fehlmann (1915);27, Gamma (1935);28, George (1977); 29, Grosch (1978);30, Grosch (1980a);…”

Section: Significance Of Lake·shore Reedbeltsmentioning

confidence: 99%

‘Die-back’ of reeds in Europe — a critical review of literature

Ostendorp

1989

Aquatic Botany

252

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5Ostendorp, W., 1989. 'Die-back' of reeds in Europe -a critical review of literature. Aquat. Bot., 35: 5-26.Reed decline phenomena have been detected in more than 35 lakes in Europe. About 110 publications and reports, which have dealt with this subject, are evaluated in this paper. The localities and the circumstances that go with the reed 'die-back' are listed. The methods of investigation are discussed. Probable causal factors are grouped into five categories: direct destruction, mechanical damage, grazing, water and sediment quality, lake regulation and related effects. Deficiencies of the present state of research are pointed out.

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“…Long-term grazing of areas may change vegetation composition and thereby methane cycling microbial processes. Different species of aquatic herbivores have been documented to consume emergent macrophytes, including waterfowl (feral geese, Mute Swan, and Common Coot), mammals (muskrat, coypu), and fish (grass carp) (Boorman and Fuller 1981, Ostendorp 1989, Lodge 1991, Connors et al 2000. The quantitative effects of these herbivores on methane emission depend strongly on whether grazing occurs below or above the water surface, as discussed earlier for reeds.…”

mentioning

confidence: 96%

Aquatic herbivores facilitate the emission of methane from wetlands

Dingemans¹,

Bakker²,

Bodelier³

2011

Ecology

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Abstract. Wetlands are significant sources of atmospheric methane. Methane produced by microbes enters roots and escapes to the atmosphere through the shoots of emergent wetland plants. Herbivorous birds graze on helophytes, but their effect on methane emission remains unknown. We hypothesized that grazing on shoots of wetland plants can modulate methane emission from wetlands. Diffusive methane emission was monitored inside and outside bird exclosures, using static flux chambers placed over whole vegetation and over single shoots. Both methods showed significantly higher methane release from grazed vegetation. Surface-based diffusive methane emission from grazed plots was up to five times higher compared to exclosures. The absence of an effect on methane-cycling microbial processes indicated that this modulating effect acts on the gas transport by the plants. Modulation of methane emission by animal-plant-microbe interactions deserves further attention considering the increasing bird populations and changes in wetland vegetation as a consequence of changing land use and climate change.

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The Changing Status of Reedswamp in the Norfolk Broads

Cited by 77 publications

References 14 publications

Phragmites die–back: bud and root death, blockages within the aeration and vascular systems and the possible role of phytotoxins

Phragmites die–back: bud and root death, blockages within the aeration and vascular systems and the possible role of phytotoxins

‘Die-back’ of reeds in Europe — a critical review of literature

Aquatic herbivores facilitate the emission of methane from wetlands

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