The Changing Window of Conditions that Promotes Germination of Two Fire Ephemerals, Actinotus leucocephalus (Apiaceae) and Tersonia cyathiflora (Gyrostemonaceae)

Baker, K.; Steadman, Kathryn J.; Plummer, Julie; Merritt, David J.; Dixon, Kingsley W.

doi:10.1093/aob/mci274

Cited by 61 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Seeds of Actinotus leucocephalus and Codonocarpus cotinifolius ephemeral Australian species increased their germination with heat and smoke, but other species (e.g. Crotalaria montana) responded negatively to this fire factors (Williams et al, 2003;Baker et al, 2005). Temperature can influence physiological processes in the embryo (Bell and Williams, 1998), inducing non-dormant seeds to become dormant again (Baskin and Baskin, 2004).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fire cue effects on seed germination of six species of northwestern Patagonian grasslands

Gonzalez

Ghermandi

2012

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. Postfire recruitment of seedlings has been attributed to a stimulation of germination by fire-related cues. The germination response to heat shock (80 • C -5 min), smoke (60 min), the combination of both factors and no heat no smoke (control) was studied in six native species (two dominant grasses, two dominant shrubs and two annual fugitive herbs) of northwestern Patagonian grasslands. Seeds of the grasses Festuca pallescens and Stipa speciosa and the shrub Senecio bracteolatus (Asteraceae) germinated when they were exposed to heat shock, whereas seeds of the other shrub, Mulinum spinosum (Apiaceae), were killed by this fire cue. In grasses, probably the glume of caryopsis protected embryos from heat. Possibly, the seed size could explain the different responses of the two shrubs. Heat combined with smoke reduced seed germination for S. speciosa and S. bracteolatus. The heat could have scarified seeds and the longer exposure to smoke could have been toxic for embryos. The same treatment increased germination of the annual fugitive herb Boopis gracilis (Calyceraceae). We concluded that fire differentially affects the seedling recruitment of the studied species in the northwestern Patagonian grasslands.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fire cue effects on seed germination of six species of northwestern Patagonian grasslands

Gonzalez

Ghermandi

2012

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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“…Alternatively, when considering other studies examining seed dormancy and the smoke response (Baker et al 2005;Merritt et al 2007), differences between the GA 3 and butenolide response may reflect the nature of receptivity of seeds to smoke, that is, the relationship between seed dormancy and germination stimulation. If butenolide is a germination stimulant that acts to its maximum effect on seeds that are rendered nondormant by other environmental factors (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If butenolide is a germination stimulant that acts to its maximum effect on seeds that are rendered nondormant by other environmental factors (e.g. temperature and moisture; Baker et al 2005;Merritt et al 2007), then the response of seeds to butenolide may vary depending on the timing of application and the conditions the seeds have experienced prior to application. Certainly the germination results for B. tournefortii seeds (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seed germination of agricultural weeds is promoted by the butenolide 3-methyl-2H-furo[2,3-c]pyran-2-one under laboratory and field conditions

et al. 2007

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Here we report that a synthesised form of a naturally occurring chemical (a butenolide, 3-methyl-2H-furo[2,3-c]pyran-2-one) found in smoke can stimulate seedling emergence of the economically important weed species Avena fatua L. (Poaceae), Arctotheca calendula (L.) Levyns (Asteraceae), Brassica tournefortii Gouan (Brassicaceae), and Raphanus raphanistrum L. (Brassicaceae) under field conditions at rates equivalent to 2-20 g/ha a.i. The butenolide also stimulates germination of freshly collected seeds from wild populations of these species, as well as those of Sisymbrium orientale L. (Brassicaceae), Hordeum leporinum Link (Poaceae) and Echium plantagineum L. (Boraginaceae) under laboratory conditions, consistently greater than that of smoke water. Experiments using B. tournefortii seeds collected from several locations across Western Australia and in different growing seasons found that these factors significantly influence the butenolide response, implying a role of the maternal environment in seed germination/dormancy characteristics. This research highlights the potential of butenolide as an agent for broad acre weed control and land restoration.

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“…In this work, we aimed to confirm this hypothesis by analysing several germination traits of N. radinganorum, such as the effect of environmental conditions on embryo growth, phenology of embryo growth and germination, dormancy break in buried seeds and influence of warm or cold stratification on germination, whose study is essential in species with MPD (Baskin & Baskin, 1998;Herranz et al, 2010;Kondo et al, 2004;Vandelook et al, 2007). On the other hand, it is known that in imbibed non-dormant seeds of some species, unfavourable environmental conditions for germination, such as extreme temperatures, hypoxia, and water stress, can induce secondary dormancy (Hilhorst, 1998;Baker et al, 2005). In this sense, we also analyzed the next hypotheses: i) exposure to low temperatures induces dormancy, as in N. hispanicus (Copete et al, 2011) and N. eugeniae (Copete et al, 2014); ii) desiccation after embryo growth induces secondary dormancy, as in Lomatium dissectum (Scholten et al, 2009) and Anemone nemorosa (Ali et al, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Germination ecology of the endemic Iberian daffodil Narcissus radinganorum (Amaryllidaceae). Dormancy induction by cold stratification or desiccation in late stages of embryo growth

Sanz

Carreño

et al. 2015

For. syst.

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Aim of study: We studied the germination ecology of a threatened daffodil in order to develop a protocol to produce plants ex-situ from seeds, a key tool for population reinforcement.Area of study: Experiments were carried out both outdoors and in the laboratory in Albacete (Spain).Material and methods: Embryo length, radicle and shoot emergence were analyzed to determine the level of morphophysiological dormancy (MPD). Effects on germination of cold stratification or desiccation in late stages of embryo growth were also studied.Main results: Mean embryo length in fresh seeds was 1.36 mm, needing to grow up to 2.20 mm to be able to germinate. In the laboratory, embryo growth occurred during warm stratification (28/14, 25/10ºC), and then radicle emerged when temperatures went down (15/4ºC in darkness). Phenology study in outdoors conditions revealed that embryo grew during summer-early autumn, short time after seed dispersal in nature (i.e., May); radicle emerged in autumn. The shoot however did not emerge until late winter-early spring, because it was physiologically dormant and required a cold (5ºC) period of 30 days to break dormancy. Early cold temperatures interrupted the embryo growth and induced dormancy in seeds whose embryo had grown 30% with respect to the initial length. Desiccation in seeds whose embryo had grown 30% did not induce dormancy, but did it when the embryo growth reached 70%.Research highlights: Seeds of Narcissus radinganorum have deep simple epicotyl MPD.Key words: dormancy break; radicle emergence; shoot emergence; epicotyl MPD; phenology; secondary dormancy.

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The Changing Window of Conditions that Promotes Germination of Two Fire Ephemerals, Actinotus leucocephalus (Apiaceae) and Tersonia cyathiflora (Gyrostemonaceae)

Abstract: Temperature and moisture influence dormancy cycling in Actinotus leucocephalus seeds. These factors alone did not simulate dormancy cycling of Tersonia cyathiflora seeds under the conditions tested.

Cited by 61 publications

References 29 publications

Fire cue effects on seed germination of six species of northwestern Patagonian grasslands

Fire cue effects on seed germination of six species of northwestern Patagonian grasslands

Seed germination of agricultural weeds is promoted by the butenolide 3-methyl-2H-furo[2,3-c]pyran-2-one under laboratory and field conditions

Germination ecology of the endemic Iberian daffodil Narcissus radinganorum (Amaryllidaceae). Dormancy induction by cold stratification or desiccation in late stages of embryo growth

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