The 〈〈Chaos Theory〉〉 and Nonlinear Dynamics in Heart Rate Variability Analysis: Does it Work in Short‐Time Series in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease?

Abstract

The nonlinear dynamic methods could have clinical and prognostic applicability also in short-time ECG series. Dynamic analysis based on chaos theory during the exercise ECG test point out the multifractal time series in CHD patients who loss normal fractal characteristics and regularity in HRV. Nonlinear analysis technique may complement traditional ECG analysis.

Multifractality in heartbeat dynamics in patients undergoing beating-heart myocardial revascularization

“…Subsequently, recognizing the intrinsic fractal-like features of a human heartbeat, a notable number of nonlinear HRV methods, derived from the mathematics of fractal geometry and confined to second-order linear characteristics, have emerged, assessing the self-similarity of ECG signals by calculating a single correlation exponent and thus delineating the monofractal properties of RR time series [2][3][4][5]. However, in 1999 Ivanov et al have found that a healthy human heart beat displays not only monofractal but also multifractal behavior, which defies the basic mathematical principles of nonlinear methodologies [7,8].…”

Characteristics of chaotic processes in electrocardiographically identified ventricular arrhythmia

“…Despite the established diagnostic value of ECG, recording of electrical events that occur rapidly in the myocardium, as in VT and VF, is associated with significant limitations of this diagnostic approach [15]. This is associated with insufficient sampling frequency of ECG, poor quality, and factors related to the analog form of the recorded signal.…”

Cardiac dynamic assessment through entropy proportions and probability

“…Huikuri et al [9] applied fractal analysis to the study of cardiac dynamics, establishing more precise predictive parameters of mortality than the actual ones in post-Acute Myocardial Infarction patients with an ejection fraction lower than 35%. There have been analyzed short-time ECG series through Chaos Theory and nonlinear dynamics in a study with patients with coronary disease [10], also nonlinear properties of heart dynamic have been studied in patients with advanced age [11] as well as the clinical impact of the assessment of cardiovascular control through different methods in heart rate dynamic [12]. Fourier analysis, chaos theory, entropy as well as other concepts and methods have been used to analyze ventricular fibrillation [13].…”