The Characteristics, Occurrence, and Geochemical Behavior of Rare Earth Elements in the Environment: A Review

Migaszewski, Zdzisław M.; Gałuszka, Agnieszka

doi:10.1080/10643389.2013.866622

Cited by 327 publications

(191 citation statements)

References 171 publications

(172 reference statements)

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“…This might result in the liberation of Dy in the soil solution and its subsequent depletion at the bottom of the coarse saprolite. Similar results were reported by Aubert et al [54] and Migaszewski and Gałuszka [55].…”

Section: Mass Balance Evaluationsupporting

confidence: 81%

Geochemical Features of the Weathered Materials Developed on Gabbro in a Semi-Arid Zone, Northern Cameroon

Tsozué

Ndjigui

2017

Geosciences

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Investigation on the mobilization and the redistribution of major, trace and rare-earth elements (REE) was performed along a soil profile developed on gabbro in the semi-arid zone (Northern Cameroon), using mineralogical and geochemical analyses. The gabbro has high contents in Ba, Cr, V, Sr, Ni, Zn, Zr, Cu, Co and Sc. The total REE content is 49 mg/kg with strong light rare-earth elements (LREE) abundance. The Ce/Ce* and Eu/Eu* ratios are very close to 1 (0.98 and 1.02 respectively) and the (La/Yb) N ratio is very low (1.48). The weathering of the bedrock leads to the differentiation of coarse saprolite, fine saprolite, loamy clayey horizon and humiferous horizon.

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Section: Mass Balance Evaluationsupporting

confidence: 81%

Geochemical Features of the Weathered Materials Developed on Gabbro in a Semi-Arid Zone, Northern Cameroon

Tsozué

Ndjigui

2017

Geosciences

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“…The REE are very similar chemically and physically, and this uniformity comes from the nature of their electronic configuration, generally reaching an oxidation state B+3,^particularly stable, and a small but constant reduction in the ionic radius, with an increase of the atomic number, which is called Blanthanide contraction^ [7]. Elements Ce and Eu can also be present in oxidation states B+4^and B+2,^respectively [7,13].…”

Section: Characteristics and Uses Of Reementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast with its denomination, the REE are not necessarily rare, because they are found in almost all rock formations [6]. Cerium is the most abundant REE and the 25th most abundant element in earth's crust [7]. The lanthanides found in smaller concentrations-Lu and Tm-are more abundant in the earth crust than cadmium (Cd) and selenium (Se) [8].…”

Section: Discovery and Occurrence Of Reementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Elements Ce and Eu can also be present in oxidation states B+4^and B+2,^respectively [7,13]. The REE are soft elements, malleable, ductile, and considered great electrical conductors, which allow their application in several industrial segments of high technology, such as automotive, nuclear, petroleum, electronic, military, metallurgical, and renewable energy [14][15][16][17].…”

Section: Characteristics and Uses Of Reementioning

confidence: 99%

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Rare Earth Elements in the Soil Environment

et al. 2016

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Rare earth elements (REE) are a homogenous group of 17 chemical elements in the periodic table that are key to many modern industries including chemicals, consumer electronics, clean energy, transportation, health care, aviation, and defense. Moreover, in recent years, they have been used in agriculture. One of the consequences of their worldwide use is the possible increase of their levels in various environmental compartments. This review addresses major topics concerning the study of REE in the soil environment, with special attention to the latest research findings. The main sources of REE to soils, the contents of REE in soils worldwide, and relevant information on the effects of REE to plants were explored. Ecological and human health risk issues related to the presence of REE in soils were also discussed. Although several findings reported positive effects of REE on plant growth, many questions about their biological role remain unanswered. Therefore, studies concerning the actual mechanism of action of these elements on cellular and physiological processes should be further refined. Even more urgent is to unveil their chemical behavior in soils and the ecological and human health risks that might be associated with the widespread use of REE in our modern society.

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“…Most sci en tists also dis crim i nate a third group that partly over laps the LREE and HREE: the me dium REE (MREE) group that com prises Sm through Ho. Al though Y is the light est REE, it is usu ally assigned to the HREE due to its phys i cal and chem i cal sim i lar ity (Migaszewski and Ga³uszka, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rare earth elements (REE) and thorium in the youngest Pleistocene glacial tills in Poland

Kwećko¹

2016

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Kwecko, P., 2016. Rare earth el e ments (REE) and tho rium in the youn gest Pleis to cene gla cial tills in Po land. Geo log i cal Quar terly, 60 (2): 451-460, doi: 10.7306/gq.1295The study en com passed out crops of gla cial tills (top soil, sub soil-1, sub soil-2) of the max i mum stadial of the Vistulian Glaci ation and of the Wartanian Stadial of the Odranian Gla ci ation, oc cur ring along the max i mum ex tent of the Vistulian ice sheet. The youn gest Pol ish gla cial tills show very sim i lar con cen tra tions of REE and Th. The con cen tra tions of these el ements vary across a wide range from 0.08 mg/kg (Tm and Lu) to 70.3 mg/kg (Ce), with slightly higher val ues for the older tills (Wartanian). Both these tills show clear frac tion ation of LREE and HREE, with a higher and more var ied LREE con centra tion. The most prom i nent fea ture dis tin guish ing one till from the other is the dis tri bu tion of REE frac tions along their verti cal sec tions. In the youn ger (Vistulian) tills the max i mum con cen tra tion of in di vid ual LREE is found at a depth of 1.0 m, and of HREE, Sc and Th, at 2.0 m; while in the older (Wartanian) tills the high est con cen tra tions of all el e ments in ves tigated are ob served at a depth of 1.0 m. Also, the min eral com po si tions of the tills are very alike. The dom i nant min er als are quartz (av er age 56%) and feld spars (ap prox i mately 9%), with a trend of de creas ing con cen tra tions with depth. There are no car bon ates in the top soil (0.3 m level), and the clay min er als are dom i nated by illite (ap prox i mately 16%) and kaolinite (av er age 5%). Sta tis ti cal anal y sis in di cates over a dozen fac tors de ter min ing the con cen tra tion of REE and Th in both tills. Three of them have a cru cial (96% of to tal vari a tion) ef fect on the con cen tra tions of these el e ments. These fac tors are prob a bly of geogenic na ture, in ti mately as so ci ated with sim i lar source ar eas, and with sim i lar pro cesses of de po si tion, diagenesis and weath er ing of the tills.

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The Characteristics, Occurrence, and Geochemical Behavior of Rare Earth Elements in the Environment: A Review

Cited by 327 publications

References 171 publications

Geochemical Features of the Weathered Materials Developed on Gabbro in a Semi-Arid Zone, Northern Cameroon

Geochemical Features of the Weathered Materials Developed on Gabbro in a Semi-Arid Zone, Northern Cameroon

Rare Earth Elements in the Soil Environment

Rare earth elements (REE) and thorium in the youngest Pleistocene glacial tills in Poland

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