The characteristics of broadband ESPAR antenna with coupled multiconductor strips

Abstract

frequency 3.35 GHz) and 16.52% (at center frequency 3.57 GHz) in the broadside direction (h 5 08, U 5 08) shown in Figure 7. It is observed that in the Figure 8 the RHCP is stronger than the left hand circular polarization (LHCP) in broadside direction so, the proposed antenna is called RHCP. The simulated and measured RHCP and LHCP radiation patterns in xz-and yz-plane at 3.35, 3.55, and 3.75 GHz are shown in Figure 8. It has been found that in broadside direction the RHCP leads the LHCP by 226.63 dB, 219.28 dB, and 226.05 dB at 3.35 GHz, 3.55 GHz, and 3.75 GHz, respectively. The electric field distribution observed inside the DRA at different phase, that is, 08, 908, 1808, and 2708 confirms the proposed design is CP and it also confirms that the mode of DRA is TE 12d mode shown in Figure 9. The average gain and radiation efficiency is 4.69 dB and 74.84% in the working band shown in Figure 10. Table 1 show the comparison of earlier published work. It has been observed that proposed work shows improvement in AR bandwidth within working band over earlier reported design. CONCLUSIONIn this article, a new modified microstrip-line-fed rectangular dielectric resonator antenna coupled with slotted ground plane for circular polarization has been proposed. The measured impedance bandwidth is 17.87% (at center frequency 3.58 GHz) and measured AR bandwidth of proposed antenna is 16.52% (at center frequency 3.57 GHz) in the broadside direction (h 5 08, U 5 08), respectively. The proposed dielectric resonator antenna offer simple construction with sufficient bandwidth and excellent far-field properties. TE 12d mode has been excited in this proposed antenna. It has been observed that the proposed antenna shows RHCP in broadside direction (h 5 08, U 5 08). This antenna can be suitable for Wi-MAX (3.3-3.6 GHz) applications.

IoT Sensor Network Using ESPAR Antenna Based on Beam Scanning Method for Direction Finding

“…Each sensor network with limited power consumption and higher efficiency becomes an important issue [ 5 , 6 , 7 ]. In addition, interference is a major obstacle to obtaining peak performance of the sensor networks [ 8 , 9 , 10 ] because the interference is exhibited within the network due to multipath fading or reflections which strongly affects the signal strength received by the radio frequency identification (RFID) reader antenna [ 11 , 12 , 13 ]. Likewise, the WSN system’s performance could degrade due to the minimum value of the signal-to-interference ratio (SIR) or the signal-to-interference and noise ratio (SINR) [ 14 , 15 ].…”

ESPAR‐inspired mechanical beam steering antenna with high gain and wide bandwidth performance

“…The concept of ESPAR has been adopted in designing phase array antenna . In recent years, different topologies have been proposed to improve the performance of the ESPAR antenna . A simple control circuitry for ESPAR antenna was proposed in .…”

“…To improve the efficiency of the system, mutual coupling between PEs has been reduced using metamaterial . The impedance bandwidth of ESPAR antenna was a major concern, which has been improved by utilizing different topologies in . Koch fractal structure, double‐curved cross dipole, and addition of coupled multi‐conductor strips have been some modifications in the conventional ESPAR antenna for broadening the bandwidth.…”

“…The impedance bandwidth of ESPAR antenna was a major concern, which has been improved by utilizing different topologies in . Koch fractal structure, double‐curved cross dipole, and addition of coupled multi‐conductor strips have been some modifications in the conventional ESPAR antenna for broadening the bandwidth. As per the above discussion, it is revealed that ESPAR based most of the beam steering configurations are active in nature and hence less efficient, results into low gain performance.…”