The Characteristics of Clinical Trials on Cannabis and Cannabinoids: A Review of Trials for Therapeutic or Drug Development Purposes

Modaresi, Farhang; Talachian, Kaivan

doi:10.1007/s40290-022-00447-7

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…55 In terms of exogenous cannabinoids, there has been a consistent increase in the number of clinical trials on cannabinoids or cannabis-based medications since 2013, with majority sponsored by industry and focusing on use of cannabinoids on chronic pain, metabolism, and neurodevelopmental disorders. 80 There has also been an increase in the number of patents of drugs and other applications, such as agriculture, for the Cannabis plant. 81 Others are also assessing the use of other ECs compounds, mainly PEA for its anti-inflammatory properties in treating gastrointestinal inflammation and promotion of health.…”

Section: Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrition, endocannabinoids, and the use of cannabis: An overview for the nutrition clinician

Russell,

Condo,

DeFlorville

2024

Nut in Clin Prac

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The endocannabinoid system (ECs) is composed of multiple signaling compounds and receptors within the central and peripheral nervous system along with various organs, including the gut, liver, and skeletal muscle. The ECs has been implicated in metabolism, gut motility, and eating behaviors. The ECs is altered in disease states such as obesity. Recent studies have clarified the role of the gut microbiome and nutrition on the ECs. Exogenous cannabinoid (CB) use, either organic or synthetic, stimulates the ECs through CB1 and CB2 receptors. However, the role of CBs is unclear in regard to nutrition optimization or to treat disease states. This review briefly summarizes the effect of the ECs and exogenous CBs on metabolism and nutrition. With the increased legalization of cannabis, there is a corresponding increased use in the United States. Therefore, nutrition clinicians need to be aware of both the benefits and harm of cannabis use on overall nutrition status, as well as the gaps in knowledge for future research and guideline development.

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Section: Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrition, endocannabinoids, and the use of cannabis: An overview for the nutrition clinician

Russell,

Condo,

DeFlorville

2024

Nut in Clin Prac

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“…At low doses it possesses antioxidative, anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects [ 1 , 2 ], and it has been recently reported for the treatment of glaucoma [ 3 ]. This has led to an increase in the number of clinical trials registered to exploit the uses of CBD, with over 500 currently listed on (accessed on 1 October 2022) [ 4 ]. While there is clinical evidence of the use of ingestible cannabinol (mainly a combination of tetrahydrocannabinol and CBD with an unspecified mix of other cannabinoids), there is a startling lack of scientific validation of alternative administration routes that can potentially avoid formulation problems associated with the poor solubility profile of CBD and first-pass metabolism by cytochrome P450 enzymes in the liver, and the subsequent formation of the CBD metabolite 7-OH-CBD ( Scheme 1 ) [ 5 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced Skin Penetration of Cannabidiol Using Organosilane Particles as Transdermal Delivery Vehicles

et al. 2023

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There is potential for cannabidiol to act as an analgesic, anxiolytic and antipsychotic active ingredient; however, there is a need to find alternate administration routes to overcome its low oral bioavailability. In this work, we propose a new delivery vehicle based on encapsulation of cannabidiol within organosilica particles as drug delivery vehicles, which are subsequently incorporated within polyvinyl alcohol films. We investigated the long-term stability of the encapsulated cannabidiol, as well as its release rate, in a range of simulated fluids with different characterization techniques, including Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) and High-performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Finally, we determined the transdermal penetration in an ex vivo skin model. Our results show that cannabidiol is stable for up to 14 weeks within polyvinyl alcohol films at a range of temperatures and humidity. Release profiles are first-order, consistent with a mechanism involving diffusion of the cannabidiol (CBD) out of the silica matrix. The silica particles do not penetrate beyond the stratum corneum in the skin. However, cannabidiol penetration is enhanced and is detected in the lower epidermis, which was 0.41% of the total CBD in a PVA formulation compared with 0.27% for pure CBD. This is partly due to an improvement of its solubility profile as it is released from the silica particles, but we cannot rule out effects of the polyvinyl alcohol. Our design opens a route for new membrane technologies for cannabidiol and other cannabinoid products, where administration via non-oral or pulmonary routes can lead to better outcomes for patient cohorts in a range of therapeutics.

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“…However, its numerous pharmaceutical properties prompted further research on cannabis as a medicinal product, which proved to be prolific [2,4]. As a result, in the last years, different institutions have reviewed the pharmacological properties of cannabis, which has led to its decriminalization and availability for therapeutic use [5][6][7]. Some of the diseases for which cannabinoids have demonstrated therapeutic activity include neurological disorders, muscle spasticity, multiple sclerosis symptoms, spinal cord lesions and epilepsy, to mention a few [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cannabinoid-Based Ocular Therapies and Formulations

2023

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The interest in the pharmacological applications of cannabinoids is largely increasing in a wide range of medical areas. Recently, research on its potential role in eye conditions, many of which are chronic and/or disabling and in need of new alternative treatments, has intensified. However, due to cannabinoids’ unfavorable physicochemical properties and adverse systemic effects, along with ocular biological barriers to local drug administration, drug delivery systems are needed. Hence, this review focused on the following: (i) identifying eye disease conditions potentially subject to treatment with cannabinoids and their pharmacological role, with emphasis on glaucoma, uveitis, diabetic retinopathy, keratitis and the prevention of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections; (ii) reviewing the physicochemical properties of formulations that must be controlled and/or optimized for successful ocular administration; (iii) analyzing works evaluating cannabinoid-based formulations for ocular administration, with emphasis on results and limitations; and (iv) identifying alternative cannabinoid-based formulations that could potentially be useful for ocular administration strategies. Finally, an overview of the current advances and limitations in the field, the technological challenges to overcome and the prospective further developments, is provided.

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The Characteristics of Clinical Trials on Cannabis and Cannabinoids: A Review of Trials for Therapeutic or Drug Development Purposes

Cited by 11 publications

References 32 publications

Nutrition, endocannabinoids, and the use of cannabis: An overview for the nutrition clinician

Nutrition, endocannabinoids, and the use of cannabis: An overview for the nutrition clinician

Enhanced Skin Penetration of Cannabidiol Using Organosilane Particles as Transdermal Delivery Vehicles

Cannabinoid-Based Ocular Therapies and Formulations

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