The characteristics of elevated blood pressure in abdominal obesity correspond to primary hypertension: a cross-sectional study

Taurio, Jyrki; Hautaniemi, Elina J.; Koskela, Jenni; Eräranta, Arttu; Hämäläinen, Mari; Tikkakoski, Antti; Kettunen, Jarkko; Kähönen, Mika; Niemelä, Onni; Moilanen, Eeva; Mustonen, Jukka; Pörsti, Ilkka

doi:10.1186/s12872-023-03150-w

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 43 publications

(82 reference statements)

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“…In a complementary way, abdominal obesity can play a fundamental role in CDV prevention [19]. A recent cross-sectional study found that abdominal fat content was linked with higher blood pressure and arterial stiffness [24]. In this sense, it has been indicated that abdominal obesity was associated with systolic blood pressure and other cardiovascular risk factors [24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A recent cross-sectional study found that abdominal fat content was linked with higher blood pressure and arterial stiffness [24]. In this sense, it has been indicated that abdominal obesity was associated with systolic blood pressure and other cardiovascular risk factors [24]. A systematic review of prospective cohort studies reported that the risk of hypertension increased with the elevation of abdominal obesity (i.e., the relative risk of hypertension 1.49 for 10 cm increments in abdominal obesity) [25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Muscle Quality Index in Morbidly Obesity Patients Related to Metabolic Syndrome Markers and Cardiorespiratory Fitness

et al. 2023

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Background: Muscle quality index (MQI) is an emerging health indicator obtained by dividing handgrip strength by body mass index (BMI) that needs to be studied in morbidly obese patients (defined by BMI ≥ 35 kg/m2). Objective: To determine the association between MQI, metabolic syndrome (MetS) markers, and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), and as a second objective to determine the potential mediation role of MQI in the relationship between abdominal obesity and systolic blood pressure (SBP) in this sample. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 86 severely/morbidly obese patients (age = 41.1 ± 11.9 y, nine men). MQI, metabolic syndrome markers, CRF, and anthropometric parameters were measured. Two groups were developed according to MQI; High-MQI (n = 41) and Low-MQI (n = 45). Results: The Low-MQI group reported higher abdominal obesity (High-MQI: 0.7 ± 0.1 vs. Low-MQI: 0.8 ± 0.1 WC/height; p = 0.011), SBP (High-MQI: 133.0 ± 17.5 vs. Low-MQI: 140.1 ± 15.1 mmHg; p = 0.048), and lower CRF (High-MQI; 26.3 ± 5.9 vs. Low-MQI; 22.4 ± 6.1 mL/kg/min, p = 0.003) than the High-MQI group. Waist-to-height ratio (β: −0.07, p = 0.011), SBP (β: −18.47, p = 0.001), and CRF (β: 5.21, p = 0.011) were linked to MQI. In a mediation model, the indirect effect confirms that MQI is a partial mediator of the association between abdominal obesity with SBP. Conclusions: MQI in morbidly obesity patients reported an inverse association with MetS markers and a positive association with CRF (VO2max). It mediates the relationship between abdominal obesity and SBP.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Muscle Quality Index in Morbidly Obesity Patients Related to Metabolic Syndrome Markers and Cardiorespiratory Fitness

et al. 2023

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“…On the other hand, fatty liver can drive hypertension through the development of insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, oxidative stress, and systemic inflammation [ 21 , 23 , 27 , 30 , 39 , 43 , 44 , 45 ]. Obesity-associated hypertension is characterized by systemic vascular resistance and arterial stiffness and seems to represent a distinct clinical phenotype accounting for up to two-thirds of the risk for human essential hypertension [ 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between Liver Enzymes, Lifestyle Risk Factors and Pre-Existing Medical Conditions in a Population-Based Cross-Sectional Sample

Niemelä

Bloigu

et al. 2023

JCM

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While alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) enzymes are commonly used indicators of liver dysfunction recent studies have suggested that these may also serve as predictive biomarkers in the assessment of extrahepatic morbidity. In order to shed further light on the interactions between serum liver enzyme abnormalities, factors of lifestyle and health status we examined ALT and GGT activities in a population-based sample of 8743 adult individuals (4048 men, 4695 women from the National FINRISK 2002 Study, mean age 48.1 ± 13.1 years) with different levels of alcohol drinking, smoking, physical activity, body weight and the presence or absence of various pre-existing medical conditions. The assessments also included laboratory tests for inflammation, lipid status and fatty liver index (FLI), a proxy for fatty liver. The prevalence of ALT and GGT abnormalities were significantly influenced by alcohol use (ALT: p < 0.0005 for men; GGT: p < 0.0005 for both genders), smoking (GGT: p < 0.0005 for men, p = 0.002 for women), adiposity (p < 0.0005 for all comparisons), physical inactivity (GGT: p < 0.0005; ALT: p < 0.0005 for men, p < 0.05 for women) and coffee consumption (p < 0.0005 for GGT in both genders; p < 0.001 for ALT in men). The total sum of lifestyle risk factor scores (LRFS) influenced the occurrence of liver enzyme abnormalities in a rather linear manner. Significantly higher LRFS were observed in the subgroups of individuals with pre-existing medical conditions when compared with those having no morbidities (p < 0.0005). In logistic regression analyses adjusted for the lifestyle factors, both ALT and GGT associated significantly with fatty liver, diabetes and hypertension. GGT levels also associated with coronary heart disease, angina pectoris, cardiac insufficiency, cerebrovascular disease, asthma and depression. Combinations of abnormal ALT and GGT activities significantly increased the odds for hypertension coinciding with abnormalities in biomarkers of inflammation, lipid status and FLI. The data indicates that ALT and GGT activities readily respond to unfavorable factors of lifestyle associating also with a wide array of pre-existing medical conditions. The data supports close links between both hepatic and extrahepatic morbidities and lifestyle risk factors and may open new insights on a more comprehensive use of liver enzymes in predictive algorithms for assessing mechanistically anchored disease conditions.

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Association Between Abdominal Obesity, Cardiovascular Fitness, and Incident Hypertension in Middle-Aged Korean Adults

Chae,

Kim,

Jung

et al. 2024

Preprint

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BACKGROUNDHypertension is a global health crisis that significantly increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases, stroke, and chronic kidney disease. Despite advances in treatment, the prevalence of hypertension continues to rise. It is important to know the association between abdominal obesity, cardiovascular fitness, and hypertension in middle-aged Koreans to develop effective prevention and management strategies for hypertension. This study aims to investigate the association between body composition, physical fitness, and hypertension in middle-aged Korean population. We examined the impact of abdominal obesity and cardiovascular fitness on the risk of hypertension.METHODS and RESULTSA cross-sectional study was conducted among 60 healthy adults (mean aged 54.23±7.34) recruited. Participants underwent assessments of anthropometry, body composition, blood pressure, and physical fitness. The primary outcome was the prevalence of hypertension. Secondary outcomes included body composition measures (body fat mass, body lean mass and waist circumference), and physical fitness assessments (grip strength, sit-ups, sit-and-reach test, and YMCA step test). Participants with hypertension had significantly higher body fat mass and waist circumference compared to those without hypertension. The risk of hypertension was significantly increased by 17.7% with a 1 kg increase in body fat and by 11.9% with a 1 cm increase in waist circumference. The risk of hypertension was significantly increased in the group with hypertension accompanied by abdominal obesity as cardiovascular fitness, measured by the YMCA step test, decreased (Adjusted OR: 0.326, 95% CI: 0.168-0.631).CONCLUSIONThese findings highlight the significant association between abdominal obesity, reduced cardiovascular fitness, and hypertension in middle-aged Korean adults. Abdominal obesity and low cardiovascular fitness were identified as independent risk factors for hypertension in this population. These results suggest that weight management to reduce abdominal obesity and regular physical activity to promote cardiovascular fitness are key to the prevention and management of hypertension.

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The characteristics of elevated blood pressure in abdominal obesity correspond to primary hypertension: a cross-sectional study

Cited by 3 publications

References 43 publications

Muscle Quality Index in Morbidly Obesity Patients Related to Metabolic Syndrome Markers and Cardiorespiratory Fitness

Muscle Quality Index in Morbidly Obesity Patients Related to Metabolic Syndrome Markers and Cardiorespiratory Fitness

Associations between Liver Enzymes, Lifestyle Risk Factors and Pre-Existing Medical Conditions in a Population-Based Cross-Sectional Sample

Association Between Abdominal Obesity, Cardiovascular Fitness, and Incident Hypertension in Middle-Aged Korean Adults

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