The Charles Bonnet syndrome: A description of two cases

López, Virginia; Martı́n, Miguel Ángel; López, Javier

doi:10.1016/0924-9338(96)82336-4

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 25 publications

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“…In addition, there were no comparative differences between LV1 and LV2 in relation to a history of lens opacities. While lens opacities have previously been associated with hallucinations, 18 the key difference between the two groups in this study (in the presence of AMD as the primary visual pathology) was mean visual acuity. Familiarity with image content has also been previously reported.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Visual Hallucinations in Patients with Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD)

Lennon¹,

White

Logan

et al. 2006

Visual Impairment Research

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Background: Charles Bonnet Syndrome is defined as visual hallucinations in psychologically normal people and has been associated with low vision for over two hundred years. Objectives: To evaluate the prevalence and complexity of visual hallucinations in patients with low vision. Design: A crosssectional comparative analysis of clinical visual data and hallucinatory phenomena in two groups of patients with age-related macular degeneration and a third control group. Methods: A questionnaire on visual hallucinations was administered to 145 patients and 58 control individuals. Measurements: Visual hallucination type (simple, complex) was examined and group comparisons were made using analysis of variance, cross-tabulations, and percentages. Results: Those individuals reporting visual hallucinations had a significantly lower mean visual acuity than comparative groups. Materialization and frequency of visual hallucinations were dependent on hallucination type. Hallucination type was not dependent on visual acuity. While visual hallucinations were reported by 40% of patients, Charles Bonnet Syndrome as defined in this study, was prevalent in 21% of the low vision cases. Conclusion: Charles Bonnet Syndrome occurs in approximately 1/5 of patients with age-related macular degeneration. Visual hallucinations are dependent on visual acuity rather than on age or ocular condition. Greater awareness of this condition among the medical and allied professions is important so that patients can be advised and reassured accordingly. Consideration should be given to including Charles Bonnet Syndrome as a discrete Syndrome in major classification systems.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Visual Hallucinations in Patients with Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD)

Lennon¹,

White

Logan

et al. 2006

Visual Impairment Research

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Epidemiology of Trauma and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Mexico.

Norris¹,

Murphy²,

Baker³

et al. 2003

Journal of Abnormal Psychology

135

127

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Prevalence rates of trauma and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) were estimated from a probability sample of 2,509 adults from 4 cities in Mexico. PTSD was assessed according to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (American Psychiatric Association, 1994) criteria using the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI; WHO, 1997). Lifetime prevalence of exposure and PTSD were 76% and 11.2%, respectively. Risk for PTSD was highest in Oaxaca (the poorest city), persons of lower socioeconomic status, and women. Conditional risk for PTSD was highest following sexual violence, but nonsexual violence and traumatic bereavement had greater overall impact because of their frequency. Of lifetime cases, 62% became chronic; only 42% received medical or professional care. The research demonstrates the importance of expanding the epidemiologic research base on trauma to include developing countries around the world.

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The Charles Bonnet syndrome: A description of two cases

Cited by 2 publications

References 25 publications

Visual Hallucinations in Patients with Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD)

Visual Hallucinations in Patients with Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD)

Epidemiology of Trauma and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Mexico.

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