The chemical composition of tropospheric aerosols and their contributing sources to a continental background site in northern Zimbabwe from 1994 to 2000

Nyanganyura, Daniel; Maenhaut, Willy; Mathuthu, Manny; Makarau, Amos; Meixner, F. X.

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2006.11.015

Cited by 49 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…In addition, the current data sets were in line with levels reported in our previous studies (Mkoma et al, 2009a,b;Mkoma et al, 2010). Nevertheless, when compared PM mass data from our rural site in Tanzania are in line with few available other data sets for rural sites in Southern Africa (Nyanganyura et al, 2007). They are also comparable to or lower to other sites in Europe and Asia Gu et al, 2010;Maenhaut et al, 2011;Ram & Sarin, 2011).…”

Section: Concentrations Of Pm Masssupporting

confidence: 78%

Characteristics of Low-Molecular Weight Carboxylic Acids in PM2.5 and PM10 Ambient Aerosols From Tanzania

Mkoma¹,

Rocha²,

Silva³

et al. 2012

Atmospheric Aerosols - Regional Characteristics - Chemistry and Physics

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Section: Concentrations Of Pm Masssupporting

confidence: 78%

Characteristics of Low-Molecular Weight Carboxylic Acids in PM2.5 and PM10 Ambient Aerosols From Tanzania

Mkoma¹,

Rocha²,

Silva³

et al. 2012

Atmospheric Aerosols - Regional Characteristics - Chemistry and Physics

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“…The measurements were taken in the 1980s and 1990s with different measurement periods at each station. We also use monthly dust concentrations at Rukomechi, Zimbabwe (Maenhaut et al, 2000a;Nyanganyura et al, 2007) and Jabiru, Australia (Maenhaut et al, 2000b;Vanderzalm et al, 2003). Finally, we also use measurements from the year 2000 at Barbados station and at Miami.…”

Section: Observational Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Atmospheric dust modeling from meso to global scales with the online NMMB/BSC-Dust model – Part 1: Model description, annual simulations and evaluation

et al. 2011

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Abstract. We describe and evaluate the NMMB/BSC-Dust, a new dust aerosol cycle model embedded online within the NCEP Non-hydrostatic Multiscale Model (NMMB). NMMB is a further evolution of the operational Nonhydrostatic Mesoscale Model (WRF-NMM), which together with other upgrades has been extended from meso to global scales. Its unified non-hydrostatic dynamical core is prepared for regional and global simulation domains. The new NMMB/BSC-Dust is intended to provide short to mediumrange weather and dust forecasts from regional to global scales and represents a first step towards the development of a unified chemical-weather model. This paper describes the parameterizations used in the model to simulate the dust cycle including sources, transport, deposition and interaction with radiation. We evaluate monthly and annual means of the global configuration of the model against the AEROCOM dust benchmark dataset for year 2000 including surface concentration, deposition and aerosol optical depth (AOD), and we evaluate the daily AOD variability in a regional domain at high resolution covering Northern Africa, Middle East and Europe against AERONET AOD for year 2006. The NMMB/BSC-Dust provides a good description of the horiCorrespondence to: C. Pérez (carlos.perezga@nasa.gov) zontal distribution and temporal variability of the dust. Daily AOD correlations at the regional scale are around 0.6-0.7 on average without dust data assimilation. At the global scale the model lies within the top range of AEROCOM dust models in terms of performance statistics for surface concentration, deposition and AOD. This paper discusses the current strengths and limitations of the modeling system and points towards future improvements.

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“…The levels of the measured elements (except Zn) are higher in Morogoro than those reported by Gatebe et al [37] for dry-season aerosol samples from a rural site on the slope of Mount Kenya and also higher than the dry-season aerosol data from Rukomechi, a rural site in Zimbabwe. [24] In contrast, the levels at Morogoro are lower for the elements Si, Ca, Ti, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Br, and Pb than those reported for the dry season at Serowe, a rural site in Botswana. [38] Sources of the particulate OC It was indicated above that biomass burning is likely a major source of fine K and of a number of other species in the fine size fraction.…”

Section: Major Minor and Trace Elements And Their Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 53%

“…[23] Our data may also be compared to the few available other data sets for southern Africa. For the remote site of Rukomechi in northern Zimbabwe, a median PM 10 mass concentration of 23 µg/m 3 was obtained for the dry season, [24] which is only half of the median of 45 µg/m 3 derived from PM 10 (NN) for Morogoro. 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20D 20N 21D 21N 22D 22N 23D 23N 24D 24N 25D 25N 26D 26N 27D 27N 28D 28N 29D 29N 30D 30N 1D 1N 2D 2N 3D 3N 4D 4N 5D 5N 6D 6N 7D 7N 8D 8N 9D 9N 10D …”

Section: Pm 10 Massmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical composition and mass closure for PM₁₀ aerosols during the 2005 dry season at a rural site in Morogoro, Tanzania

et al. 2009

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An intensive aerosol field campaign was carried out from 11 July to 11 August 2005 (dry season) at a rural site in Morogoro, Tanzania. The objectives were to determine the chemical composition of the atmospheric particulate matter (PM) and to examine to which extent the gravimetric PM mass can be explained by the measured aerosol components. Two low-volume filter samplers were deployed, a PM 10 filter holder with two Whatman QM-A quartz fibre filters in series and a Gent PM 10 stacked filter unit (SFU) sampler with coarse and fine Nuclepore polycarbonate filters. The samplers operated in parallel and a total of 51 parallel collections were made. All samples were analysed for the PM mass by weighing. Depending on the sampler type and/or collection substrate, further analyses were performed for 25 elements by particle-induced x-ray emission spectrometry, for major water-soluble inorganic ions by ion chromatography, and for organic carbon and elemental carbon by a thermal -optical transmission technique. The PM 10 mass, as derived from the SFU samples, was, on an average, 46 ± 12 µg/m 3 . Aerosol chemical mass closure calculations were made for this PM 10 mass; eight aerosol components were considered and they explained 93% of the average PM 10 mass. Organic matter (OM) and crustal matter were the dominant aerosol components; they accounted for, on an average, 44% and 33%, respectively, of the PM 10 aerosol. The large contribution from OM is thought to originate mainly from the burning of biomass, especially of charcoal and agricultural residues.

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The chemical composition of tropospheric aerosols and their contributing sources to a continental background site in northern Zimbabwe from 1994 to 2000

Cited by 49 publications

References 41 publications

Characteristics of Low-Molecular Weight Carboxylic Acids in PM2.5 and PM10 Ambient Aerosols From Tanzania

Characteristics of Low-Molecular Weight Carboxylic Acids in PM2.5 and PM10 Ambient Aerosols From Tanzania

Atmospheric dust modeling from meso to global scales with the online NMMB/BSC-Dust model – Part 1: Model description, annual simulations and evaluation

Chemical composition and mass closure for PM₁₀ aerosols during the 2005 dry season at a rural site in Morogoro, Tanzania

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The chemical composition of tropospheric aerosols and their contributing sources to a continental background site in northern Zimbabwe from 1994 to 2000

Cited by 49 publications

References 41 publications

Characteristics of Low-Molecular Weight Carboxylic Acids in PM2.5 and PM10 Ambient Aerosols From Tanzania

Characteristics of Low-Molecular Weight Carboxylic Acids in PM2.5 and PM10 Ambient Aerosols From Tanzania

Atmospheric dust modeling from meso to global scales with the online NMMB/BSC-Dust model – Part 1: Model description, annual simulations and evaluation

Chemical composition and mass closure for PM10 aerosols during the 2005 dry season at a rural site in Morogoro, Tanzania

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Chemical composition and mass closure for PM₁₀ aerosols during the 2005 dry season at a rural site in Morogoro, Tanzania