The Chemical Neuroanatomy of Sympathetic Ganglia

Elfvin, L.-G.; Lindh, B.; Hökfelt, Tomas

doi:10.1146/annurev.ne.16.030193.002351

Cited by 160 publications

(81 citation statements)

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“…Cholinergic marker has been documented in the STG of the sow (Panu et al, 2001;Ragionieri et al, 2008), cat (Lindh et al, 1989), rat (Morales et al, 1995;Schafer et al, 1997Schafer et al, , 1998, guinea-pig (Elfvin et al, 1993) and man (Jarvi et al, 1989;Masliukov and Timmermans, 2004). The principal function of cholinergic innervation in the uro-genital system is the presynaptic inhibition of the adrenergic excitatory neurotransmission (Sj€ ostrand, 1965;Sann et al, 1995;Anderson et al, 1997;Saenz de Tejada et al, 2000).…”

Section: Vacht-immunoreactivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensory and Autonomic Neurons Project Both to the Smooth Retractor Penis and to the Striated Bulbospongiosus Muscles. Neurochemical Features of the Sympathetic Subset

Botti

Gazza

Ragionieri

et al. 2012

The Anatomical Record

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Aim of the present study was to verify, by means of double retrograde neuronal tracers technique, the hypothesis that a subpopulation of sensory and autonomic neurons send collateral axons to both smooth and striated genital muscles. We also wanted to define the neurochemical content of the eventually retrogradelly double labeled (RDL) neurons in the sympathetic trunk ganglia (STG). We used six intact pigs and we injected the tracer Diamidino Yellow (DY) in the smooth left retractor penis muscle (RPM) and the tracer Fast Blue (FB) in the striated left bulbospongiosus muscle (BSM). Rare (2 6 0.6) RDL neurons were found in the ipsilateral S2 spinal ganglion (SG), 220 6 42 in the ipsilateral STGs, from L3 to S3, 19 6 15 in the contralateral S1-S2 ones and 22 6 5 in the bilateral caudal mesenteric ganglia (CMG). The RDL neurons of the STG were IR for TH (85 6 13%), DbH (69 6 17%), NPY (69 6 23%), nNOS (60 6 11%), LENK (54 6 19%), VIP (53626%), SOM (40 6 8%), CGRP (34 6 12%), SP (31 6 16%), and VAChT (28 6 3%). Our research highlights the presence of sensory and sympathetic neurons with qualitatively different neurochemical content sending axons both to the smooth RPM and to the striated BSM of the pig. These RDL neurons are likely to project to the smooth vasal musculature to create the ideal physiological conditions in which these muscles can optimize the erectile function.

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Section: Vacht-immunoreactivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensory and Autonomic Neurons Project Both to the Smooth Retractor Penis and to the Striated Bulbospongiosus Muscles. Neurochemical Features of the Sympathetic Subset

Botti

Gazza

Ragionieri

et al. 2012

The Anatomical Record

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“…Neurons in the inferior mesenteric ganglion (IMG) provide the sympathetic innervation of the distal colon (Szurszewski and King, 1991;Elf vin et al, 1993). Virtually all IMG neurons are noradrenergic and receive inputs from the thoracolumbar spinal cord.…”

Section: Abstract: Neuropeptide Y; Somatostatin; Prevertebral Ganglimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Virtually all IMG neurons are noradrenergic and receive inputs from the thoracolumbar spinal cord. Some IMG neurons also contain neuropeptide Y immunoreactivity (N PY neurons; ϳ20% of IMG neurons), and other subsets include those containing somatostatin (SOM neurons; ϳ75%), both N PY and SOM (N PY/SOM neurons; 4 -7%), or neither N PY nor SOM (Ϫ/Ϫ neurons; 1-5%) (Elf vin et al, 1993;Sann et al, 1995;Parr and Sharkey, 1996). Most or all NPY neurons project to the vasculature (Furness et al, 1983), whereas SOM and Ϫ/Ϫ neurons project to the myenteric and submucosal plexuses of the enteric nervous system (ENS) in the wall of the colon (Keast et al, 1993;Parr and Sharkey, 1996).…”

Section: Abstract: Neuropeptide Y; Somatostatin; Prevertebral Ganglimentioning

confidence: 99%

Immediate-Early Gene Expression in the Inferior Mesenteric Ganglion and Colonic Myenteric Plexus of the Guinea Pig

1999

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Activation of neurons in the inferior mesenteric ganglion (IMG) was assessed using c-fos, JunB, and c-Jun expression in the guinea pig IMG and colonic myenteric plexus during mechanosensory stimulation and acute colitis in normal and capsaicin-treated animals. Intracolonic saline or 2% acetic acid was administered, and mechanosensory stimulation was performed by passage of a small (0.5 cm) balloon either 4 or 24 hr later. Lower doses of capsaicin or vehicle were used to activate primary afferent fibers during balloon passage. c-Jun did not respond to any of the stimuli in the study. c-fos and JunB were absent from the IMG and myenteric plexus of untreated and saline-treated animals. Acetic acid induced acute colitis by 4 hr, which persisted for 24 hr, but c-fos was found only in enteric glia in the myenteric plexus and was absent from the IMG.Balloon passage induced c-fos and JunB in only a small subset of IMG neurons and no myenteric neurons. However, balloon passage induced c-fos and JunB in IMG neurons (notably those containing somatostatin) and the myenteric plexus of acetic acid-treated animals. After capsaicin treatment, c-fos and JunB induction by balloon passage was inhibited in the IMG, but there was enhanced c-fos expression in the myenteric plexus. c-fos and JunB induction by balloon stimulation was also mimicked by acute activation of capsaicin-sensitive nerves. These data suggest that colitis enhances reflex activity of the IMG by a mechanism that involves activation of both primary afferent fibers and the myenteric plexus.

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“…Transmission in sympathetic ganglia is also modulated by neuropeptides released from preganglionic fibers and short interneurons as well as by primary afferent nerve collaterals. [58] STRESS SYSTEM: INTERACTIONS WITH OTHER CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM COMPONENTS In addition to setting the level of arousal and influencing the vital signs, the stress system interacts with three other major CNS elements: the mesocorticolimbic dopaminergic system, the amygdala-hippocampus complex, and the arcuate nucleus POMC neuronal system. [59][60][61] All three are activated during stress and, in turn, influence the activity of the stress system.…”

Section: Lc/ne-sympathetic Adrenomedullary and Parasympathetic Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organization and Integration of the Endocrine System: The Arousal and Sleep Perspective

Chrousos

2007

Sleep Medicine Clinics

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The Chemical Neuroanatomy of Sympathetic Ganglia

Cited by 160 publications

References 0 publications

Sensory and Autonomic Neurons Project Both to the Smooth Retractor Penis and to the Striated Bulbospongiosus Muscles. Neurochemical Features of the Sympathetic Subset

Sensory and Autonomic Neurons Project Both to the Smooth Retractor Penis and to the Striated Bulbospongiosus Muscles. Neurochemical Features of the Sympathetic Subset

Immediate-Early Gene Expression in the Inferior Mesenteric Ganglion and Colonic Myenteric Plexus of the Guinea Pig

Organization and Integration of the Endocrine System: The Arousal and Sleep Perspective

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