The Chemistry of Organophosphorus Pesticides

Phosphono‐substituted isoindolines and indoles from 2,3‐ and 2,4‐benzoxazin‐1‐ones

“…Much attention has been given to the preparation of phosphono-substituted heterocyclic compounds [1][2][3][4] largely because of their possible relevance to the mechanism of certain enzymatic events [5,6]. The P O is an important analogue of the carbonyl group and can serve as a transition state mimic owing to the additional ligand allowed by sp 3 hybridization.…”

Decapitation Impacting Effect of Topically Applied Chlorpyrifos on Acetylcholinesterase and General Esterases in Susceptible and Resistant German Cockroaches (Dictyoptera: Blattellidae)

“…Commercially important carbamate and organophosphate insecticides interact with the catalytic center of their target, AChE, as the reaction of enzyme and substrate (Fest andSchmidt 1982, Kuhr andDorough 1976). There are few studies of insect AChE inhibition with in vivo insecticide treatment (Van Asperen 1959, Byrne andDevonshire 1991).…”

Pathways for the oxidation of sarin in urban atmospheres

“…We have essentially restricted ourselves to the comment that cholinergic activity requires a viable leaving group pest and Schmidt, 1973;Metcalf, 1982). Since the products themselves are almost entirely mysterious; their potential as esterase inhibitors has not been quantified.…”

“…Normal ChE function (A) and the mode of inhibition (B) are both shown in Table 3 (Fest and Schmidt, 1973;Metcalf, 1982;Foye, 1975). The initial reactions in each sequence amount to the well-known S,2 process (bimolecular nucleophilic substitution); they can be interpreted as the replacement of a free ester with an active site ester.…”