The chemistry of the thermal decomposition of pseudobrookite ferrous titanium oxides

Teller, Raymond G.; Antonio, Mark R.; Grau, A. E.; Gueguin, Michel; Kostiner, E.

doi:10.1016/0022-4596(90)90230-u

Cited by 13 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…[27] ) In practice, decomposition is slow, perhaps because of the (isolated) position which the iron cations assume in the structure upon solidification. [28] The tendency of the slag to solidify as this nearly singlephase material, together with the narrow solidification range, is a striking feature-especially so if it is contrasted with other titanium-rich slags. For example, a discard slag containing 37 pct TiO 2 , 20 pct SiO 2 , 13 pct Al 2 O 3 , and 30 pct total CaO ϩ MgO-which is produced in the electric-furnace smelting of prereduced titaniferous magnetite-forms perovskite (CaTiO 3 ) or M 3 O 5 as a primary phase (depending on the CaO/MgO ratio), with forsterite (Mg 2 SiO 4 ) and/or diopside (CaMgSi 2 O 6 ) forming during final solidification and with a liquidus-solidus gap of about 200 °C.…”

Section: A Prevalence Of the M 3 O 5 Phasementioning

confidence: 98%

Physicochemical aspects of titanium slag production and solidification

Pistorius

Coetzee²

2003

Metall Mater Trans B

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The titanium-rich slags produced by ilmenite smelting are unusual in several respects, including their low viscosity, high electrical conductivity, propensity to solidify predominantly as one phase (pseudobrookite), and reactivity (with oxidizers) in the liquid and solidified form. The low viscosity is related to the unexpectedly "basic" behavior of Ti 4ϩ ; the high conductivity is likely through an electron transfer mechanism involving the Ti 4ϩ -Ti 3ϩ pair; the oxidation behavior is caused by the presence of a significant amount of Ti 3ϩ . Possible reasons for the nearly single-phase structure of the solidified slag are considered, and it is concluded that the most likely cause is the presence of a eutectic groove close to the M 3 O 5 (pseudobrookite) composition. This conclusion was tested by examining the compositions and microstructure of slag samples from a pilot smelter. The results show that the slags do contain a small amount of rutile, in line with predictions.

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Section: A Prevalence Of the M 3 O 5 Phasementioning

confidence: 98%

Physicochemical aspects of titanium slag production and solidification

Pistorius

Coetzee²

2003

Metall Mater Trans B

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“…Research into the carbothermic reduction of ilmenite has been conducted mainly under controlled laboratory conditions (El-Tawil et al, 1991;Jones, 1973;Merk and Pickles, 1988;Zhang and Ostroviski, 2002;Zhao and Shadman, 1990). 57 Fe-Mössbauer spectroscopy was employed to analyse the feedstock and product of the hydrogenic reduction of ilmenite (Huffman and Huggins, 1981) as well as the carbothermic reduction of ferrous pseudobrookite (Teller and Antonio, 1990a). Teller et al (1990a) also performed a time-dependent phase analysis of the laboratory ferrous pseudobrookite reduction process using a combination of neutron diffraction and XRD.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A combined 57Fe–Mössbauer and X-ray diffraction study of the ilmenite reduction process in a commercial rotary kiln

Saensunon

Stewart

Pax

2008

International Journal of Mineral Processing

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“…Ilmenites are valuable natural sources of titanium and titanium compounds, widely used in industry of white pigments production. In the process of TiO 2 production by sulphate method, reaction of titanium raw material with sulphuric acid is the first step of the process [1,2], which is highly exothermic and should be properly adjusted to avoid explosion. Knowledge of elemental, chemical and phase composition has a large influence on efficiency, safety, kinetics of reaction and the quality of products.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%