The chemodiversity of paddy soil dissolved organic matter correlates with microbial community at continental scales

Abstract

BackgroundPaddy soil dissolved organic matter (DOM) represents a major hotspot for soil biogeochemistry, yet we know little about its chemodiversity let alone the microbial community that shapes it. Here, we leveraged ultrahigh-resolution mass spectrometry, amplicon, and metagenomic sequencing to characterize the molecular distribution of DOM and the taxonomic and functional microbial diversity in paddy soils across China. We hypothesized that variances in microbial community significantly associate with changes in soil DOM molecular composition.ResultsWe report that both microbial and DOM profiles revealed geographic patterns that were associated with variation in mean monthly precipitation, mean annual temperature, and pH. DOM molecular diversity was significantly correlated with microbial taxonomic diversity. An increase in DOM molecules categorized as peptides, carbohydrates, and unsaturated aliphatics, and a decrease in those belonging to polyphenolics and polycyclic aromatics, significantly correlated with proportional changes in some of the microbial taxa, such as Syntrophobacterales, Thermoleophilia, Geobacter, Spirochaeta, Gaiella, and Defluviicoccus. DOM composition was also associated with the relative abundances of the microbial metabolic pathways, such as anaerobic carbon fixation, glycolysis, lignolysis, fermentation, and methanogenesis.ConclusionsOur study demonstrates the continental-scale distribution of DOM is significantly correlated with the taxonomic profile and metabolic potential of the rice paddy microbiome. Abiotic factors that have a distinct effect on community structure can also influence the chemodiversity of DOM and vice versa. Deciphering these associations and the underlying mechanisms can precipitate understanding of the complex ecology of paddy soils, as well as help assess the effects of human activities on biogeochemistry and greenhouse gas emissions in paddy soils.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s40168-018-0561-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Black soldier fly larvae (Hermetia illucens) strengthen the metabolic function of food waste biodegradation by gut microbiome

“…Few studies have identified the biological reasons for these outcomes when using BSF. Organic matter composition was closely associated with the relative abundances of the microbial metabolic pathways (Li et al, 2018). Vermicomposting involves a complex ecosystem of waste biodegradation and/or bioconversion by the joint action of worms/larvae and microorganisms .…”

Continental-Scale Paddy Soil Bacterial Community Structure, Function and Biotic Interaction

“…Alpha diversity was signi cantly lower than non-paddy soils, possibly due to extreme selection pressure for speci c taxa. Given uniform agricultural management practices, the reduction in site-to-site variability in soil fertility status in paddy elds (compared to non-paddy) explains the poor explanatory powers of nutrients and their stoichiometry in shaping bacterial communities ( Figure 3A).. Bacterial community variance driven by dissolved organic matter availability in paddy soils is regulated by precipitation [29], and in the present study the bacterial geographic patterns were strongly associated with temperature, precipitation, and pH ( Figure 3A),, similar to other soil systems [30]. The distinct geographic patterns in bacterial geographic distribution at the continental scale could be interpreted as being a result of strong deterministic processes found in paddy soils.…”

“…Of the 99 paddy soils, 24 were from Sanjiang Plain, 26 from Lianghu Plain, 26 from Taihu Plain, and 23 from Hani Terrace; of the 79 soils from surrounding lands, there were 23 from Sanjiang Plain, 13 from Lianghu Plain, 24 from Taihu Plain, and 19 from Hani Terrace. Among these sampling regions, we collected completely different samples from those in the early reported investigation [29] (identi ed as H2, H4, H6, etc. ),, which are uploaded as Supplementary dataset2.…”

“…We selected non-paddy soils are those just adjacent to the paddy soils and may serve as potential "candidates" to be cultivated to growing rice, most of which belonged to natural wetlands. Previously, we examined the molecular diversities of soil dissolved organic matter and their correlations with soil microbial communities in paddy elds, and more details about soil sampling and pre-treatment can be found there [29]. Environmental variables have been determined according to standard methods described by Bao [37] or obtained from local meteorological station, and have been grouped into edaphic variables (i.e., soil moisture, pH, conductivity, total carbon, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, the ratio of carbon to nitrogen, the ratio of carbon to phosphorus, the ratio of nitrogen to phosphorus, available phosphorus, soil clay, silt, sand content), geographical variables (i.e., latitude, longitude, and elevation), and climatic variables (mean annual temperature, mean annual precipitation, mean monthly temperature, and mean monthly precipitation, real-time soil temperature, and real-time air temperature).…”

Stronger Environmental Adaption of Abundant than Rare Microbes in Wetland Soils from the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

“…Environmental ltering governs microbial communities and in turn affects ecosystem function [27,40,49]. Numerous studies have investigated the effects of environmental variables on the compositions of rare and abundant microbial communities, despite their adaptations to the environment [20,24,50].…”