The chick eye in vision research: An excellent model for the study of ocular disease

Wisely, C. Ellis; Sayed, Javed A.; Tamez, Heather; Zelinka, Chris; Abdel‐Rahman, Mohamed H.; Fischer, Andy J.; Cebulla, Colleen M.

doi:10.1016/j.preteyeres.2017.06.004

Cited by 69 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 328 publications

(457 reference statements)

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“…Thus, our study further emphasizes the advantages of using chick as model for a large spectrum of human ocular diseases recently reviewed. 28 Our findings, using inhibition of Mab21l2 at specific time points, indicate that Mab21l2 plays different important roles during separate phases of eye development. An early inhibition of Mab21l2 in the prospective optic vesicle region, when RPCs proliferate and normally expand the retinal cell population, leads to a clear decrease in proliferation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

Temporal Requirement ofMab21l2During Eye Development in Chick Reveals Stage-Dependent Functions for Retinogenesis

Sghari

Gunhaga

2018

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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PURPOSE. Different missense mutations in the single exon gene Mab21l2 have been identified in unrelated families with various bilateral eye malformations, including microphthalmia, anophthalmia, and coloboma, but the molecular function of Mab21l2 during eye development still remains largely unknown. METHODS.We have established an in vivo Mab21l2-deficient eye development model in chick, by using a Mab21l2 RNA interference construct that we electroporated in ovo in prospective retinal cells. In addition, we designed a Mab21l2 gain-of-function electroporation vector. Mab21l2-modulated retinas were analyzed on consecutive sections in terms of morphology, and molecular markers for apoptosis, cell proliferation, and retinogenesis.RESULTS. Our Mab21l2-deficient chick model mimics human ocular phenotypes. When Mab21l2 is downregulated prior to optic vesicle formation, the embryos develop anophthalmia, and Mab21l2 inhibition by optic cup stages results in a microphthalmic colobomatous phenotype. Our results show that inhibition of Mab21l2 affects cell proliferation, cell cycle exit, and the expression of Atoh7/Ath5, NeuroD4/Ath3, Isl1, Pax6, AP-2a, and Prox1. In addition, Mab21l2 overexpression hampers cell cycle exit and differentiation of retinal progenitor cells (RPCs). CONCLUSIONS.Our results highlight the importance of a regulated temporal expression of Mab21l2 during eye development: At early stages, Mab21l2 is required to maintain RPC proliferation and expansion of cell number; before retinogenesis, a decrease in Mab21l2 expression in proliferating RPCs is required for cell cycle exit and differentiation; during retinogenesis, Mab21l2 is chronologically upregulated in RGCs, followed by differentiated horizontal and amacrine cells and cone photoreceptor cells.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

Temporal Requirement ofMab21l2During Eye Development in Chick Reveals Stage-Dependent Functions for Retinogenesis

Sghari

Gunhaga

2018

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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“…Several animal models have been developed to study glaucoma (27–29) among which optic nerve crush (ONC) is widely used to evaluate the survival of injured retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and inflammation of glia. ONC is an acute injury that kills the majority of RGCs within the first 2 weeks and triggers atypical inflammatory response within the injured eye (30–33).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Caffeic acid phenethyl ester attenuates nuclear factor‑κB‑mediated inflammatory responses in M�ller cells and protects against retinal ganglion cell death

et al. 2019

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Glaucoma is characterized by the death of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and visual field defects, and is a leading cause of blindness worldwide. Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), a natural polyphenolic found in propolis from honeybee hives, can inhibit the activation of nuclear factor κ light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) and has therapeutic potential in inflammatory disease. The present study used a rat model of optic nerve crush (ONC) injury to investigate the effect of CAPE on glaucoma. The death of RGCs at day 14 was significantly reduced in CAPE-treated animals compared with the non-treated group according to Brn3a and TUNEL staining. In addition, CAPE decreased the severity of inflammation in the retina, reflected by the decreased expression of inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-8, IL-6, inducible nitric oxide synthase, cycloooxygenase-2, tumor necrosis factor-α and chemokine C-C ligand-2, in CAPE-treated rats. The hypertrophy of astrocytes and Müller cells (gliosis) caused by ONC was also found to be attenuated by CAPE, accompanied by the inhibition of NF-κB signaling. Similarly, in vitro , CAPE suppressed the proliferation and migration of primary astrocytes induced by lipopolysaccharide, as well as the activation of NF-κB. These results suggest that CAPE protected against RGC and attenuated inflammatory responses in a rat model of ONC by suppressing NF-κB activation.

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“…The chick has been used for thousands of studies on the development, structure and function of the retina and its projections to central targets (Nicol, 2015; Cepko et al, 1996; Adler, 2000; Mey and Thanos, 2000; Wilken and Reh, 2016; Wisely et al, 2017; pubmed search for chick+retina retrieves >4000 papers). Two bottlenecks in moving this work forward have been (a) lack of a global classification and characterization of chick retinal cell types and (b) metrics that can be used to relate chick to mammalian retinal cell types.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among birds, the retina of the domestic chicken ( Gallus gallus domesticus ) has been the most intensively studied. In particular, it has been a favored model for developmental analyses, including studies on the generation and migration of retinal neurons, their diversification into classes and types, the growth and guidance of RGC axons to the optic tectum, and the capacity of retinal neurons and their axons to regenerate (Adler 2000; Mey and Thanos, 2000; Thanos and Mey, 2001; Wilken and Reh, 2016; Wisely et al, 2017). To complement and facilitate these studies, we used scRNA-seq to profile cells from the chick retina.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cell Atlas of the Chick Retina: Single Cell Profiling Identifies 136 Cell Types

Yamagata

Yan

Sanes

2020

Preprint

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SUMMARYRetinal structure and function have been studied in many vertebrate orders, but molecular characterization has been largely confined to mammals. We used single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to generate a cell atlas of the chick retina. From ∼40,000 single cell transcriptomes, we identified 136 cell types distributed among the six classes conserved across vertebrates – photoreceptor, horizontal, bipolar, amacrine, retinal ganglion and glial cells. To match molecular profiles to morphology, we adapted a method for CRISPR-based integration of reporters into selectively expressed genes. For Müller glia, we found that transcriptionally distinct cells were regionally localized along the anterior-posterior, dorsal-ventral and central-peripheral retinal axes. We also identified immature photoreceptor, horizontal cell and oligodendrocyte types that persist into late embryonic stages. Finally, we analyzed relationships among chick, mouse and primate retinal cell classes and types. Taken together, our results provide a foundation for anatomical, physiological, evolutionary, and developmental studies of the avian visual system.

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The chick eye in vision research: An excellent model for the study of ocular disease

Cited by 69 publications

References 328 publications

Temporal Requirement ofMab21l2During Eye Development in Chick Reveals Stage-Dependent Functions for Retinogenesis

Temporal Requirement ofMab21l2During Eye Development in Chick Reveals Stage-Dependent Functions for Retinogenesis

Caffeic acid phenethyl ester attenuates nuclear factor‑κB‑mediated inflammatory responses in M�ller cells and protects against retinal ganglion cell death

Cell Atlas of the Chick Retina: Single Cell Profiling Identifies 136 Cell Types

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