The chicken embryo as an in vivo experimental model for drug testing: Advantages and limitations

Fonseca, Belchiolina Beatriz; Silva, Murilo Vieira da; Ribeiro, Lígia Nunes de Morais

doi:10.1038/s41684-021-00774-3

Cited by 20 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The potential toxicity of GO, CEME, and their complex was also investigated in in ovo studies on chicken embryos. The chicken embryo is a unique biological model that allows for a quick and precise response; hence, it is used to test drugs [ 31 , 32 , 33 ] as well as graphene materials [ 34 , 35 , 36 ]. Analysis of embryo growth and development at the systemic level showed no differences between GO- and CEME-treated embryos and GO-CEME complexes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Muscle Extract and Graphene Oxide on Muscle Structure of Chicken Embryos

Bałaban

Zielińska

Wierzbicki

et al. 2021

Animals

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The effects of CEME and it complex with GO injected in ovo on the growth and development of chicken embryo hindlimb muscle were investigated. First, the preliminary in vitro study on primary muscle precursor cell culture obtained from a nine-day-old chicken embryo was performed to assess toxicity (MTT assay) of CEME, GO (100 ppm) and it complex with different concentrations (1, 2, 5, and 10 wt.%). The effect on cell proliferation was investigated by BrdU assay. CEME at concentrations 1–5% increased cell proliferation, but not the complex with GO. In vitro cytotoxicity was highest in 10% and GO groups. Next, the main experiment with chicken embryos was performed with CEME, GO and it complex injected in ovo on day one of embryogenesis. On day 20 of embryogenesis survival, morphological development, histological structure of the muscle, and biochemical parameters of blood serum of the embryos were measured. No negative effect on mortality, body weight, or biochemistry of blood after use of CEME or GO-CEME complexes was observed. Interestingly, the slight toxicity of GO, observed in in vitro studies, was not observed in vivo. The use of CEME at the levels of 2% and 5% improved the structure of the lower limb muscle by increasing the number of cells, and the administration of 2% CEME increased the number of nuclei visible in the stained cross-section of the muscle. The complex GO-CEME did not further improve the muscle structure. The results indicate that CEME can be applied as an in ovo enhancer of muscle development in broilers.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Muscle Extract and Graphene Oxide on Muscle Structure of Chicken Embryos

Bałaban

Zielińska

Wierzbicki

et al. 2021

Animals

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“…The alternative in vivo toxicity assay through CE model [ 31 ] was used to evaluate the toxicity of INDO (in solution) in comparison with the coated bead (XAN@CHT/INDO) and nanobead (XAN@CHT/NLC-INDO). Figure 9 shows the CE viability (%) after treatment with the different formulations.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Finally, the safety of DDS is another mandatory requisite, especially in case of nanomaterials that exhibit novel kinetics and supramolecular arrangements, to detect possible risk factors to health [ 45 ]. In this sense, CE is an alternative toxicity model that is very promising to evaluate DDS, once different parameters (microscopical, microscopical and biochemical) are evaluated in a single model [ 31 ]. In here, the CE viability test showed that INDO solution (PC) killed all embryos after 24 h, which was not observed for bead and nanobead ( Figure 9 A) treatments.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybrid Nanobeads for Oral Indomethacin Delivery

et al. 2022

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The oral administration of the anti-inflammatory indomethacin (INDO) causes severe gastrointestinal side effects, which are intensified in chronic inflammatory conditions when a continuous treatment is mandatory. The development of hybrid delivery systems associates the benefits of different (nano) carriers in a single system, designed to improve the efficacy and/or minimize the toxicity of drugs. This work describes the preparation of hybrid nanobeads composed of nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) loading INDO (2%; w/v) and chitosan, coated by xanthan. NLC formulations were monitored in a long-term stability study (25 °C). After one year, they showed suitable physicochemical properties (size < 250 nm, polydispersity < 0.2, zeta potential of −30 mV and spherical morphology) and an INDO encapsulation efficiency of 99%. The hybrid (lipid-biopolymers) nanobeads exhibited excellent compatibility between the biomaterials, as revealed by structural and thermodynamic properties, monodisperse size distribution, desirable in vitro water uptake and prolonged in vitro INDO release (26 h). The in vivo safety of hybrid nanobeads was confirmed by the chicken embryo (CE) toxicity test, considering the embryos viability, weights of CE and annexes and changes in the biochemical markers. The results point out a safe gastro-resistant pharmaceutical form for further efficacy assays.

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“…The YSM and chick’s extra-embryonic membranes models have been used in various researches, and there is a growing repository of data (e.g. anatomical, pharmaceutical, physiological and genetic) that continues to expand the model for toxicological studies ( Zhou et al, 2013 ; Deshpande et al, 2018 ; Khosravi et al, 2019 ; Fonseca et al, 2021 ; Zhang et al, 2022 ). The chick embryo has also proven to be a manageable and reliable model for evaluating antidiabetic agents ( Haselgrübler et al, 2017 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Empagliflozin induces apoptotic-signaling pathway in embryonic vasculature: In vivo and in silico approaches via chick’s yolk sac membrane model

Mosallanejad

Mahmoodi²,

Tavakkoli³

et al. 2022

Front. Pharmacol.

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The present investigation was conducted to evaluate the vascular-toxicity of empagliflozin (EMP) in embryonic vasculature. Firstly, the vascular-toxicity of the drug as well as its interaction with apoptotic regulator proteins was predicted via in silico approach. In the next step, the apoptotic-signaling pathway in embryonic vasculature was evaluated using a chick’s YSM model. In silico simulation confirmed vascular-toxicity of EMP. There was also an accurate affinity between EMP, Bax and Bcl-2 (−7.9 kcal/mol). Molecular dynamics assay revealed complex stability in the human body conditions. Furthermore, EMP is suggested to alter Bcl-2 more than BAX. Morphometric quantification of the vessels showed that the apoptotic activity of EMP in embryonic vasculature was related to a marked reduction in vessel area, vessel diameter and mean capillary area. Based on the qPCR and immunohistochemistry assays, enhanced expression level of BAX and reduced expression level of Bcl-2 confirmed apoptotic responses in the vessels of the YSM. We observed that induction of an apoptotic signal can cause the embryonic defect of the vascular system following EMP treatment. The acquired data also raised suspicions that alteration in apoptotic genes and proteins in the vasculature are two critical pathways in vascular-toxicity of EMP.

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The chicken embryo as an in vivo experimental model for drug testing: Advantages and limitations

Cited by 20 publications

References 22 publications

Effect of Muscle Extract and Graphene Oxide on Muscle Structure of Chicken Embryos

Effect of Muscle Extract and Graphene Oxide on Muscle Structure of Chicken Embryos

Hybrid Nanobeads for Oral Indomethacin Delivery

Empagliflozin induces apoptotic-signaling pathway in embryonic vasculature: In vivo and in silico approaches via chick’s yolk sac membrane model

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