The Chloroplast Reactive Oxygen Species-Redox System in Plant Immunity and Disease

Kużniak, Elźbieta; Kopczewski, Tomasz

doi:10.3389/fpls.2020.572686

Cited by 36 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 87 publications

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“…ROS, mainly H 2 O 2 , are key immune defense products of photosynthesis [84,108,109]. In incompatible reactions, the accumulation of ROS is usually accompanied by a decrease in the photosynthesis rate because the inhibition of photosynthesis is conducive to ROS production and accumulation [110,111].…”

Section: Global Downregulation Of Photosynthesis-related Genes In Response To Many Wheat Diseases May Disrupt Photosynthesis and Promote mentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Photosynthesis Could Provide Important Insight into the Interaction between Wheat and Fungal Pathogens

Yang

Luo

2021

IJMS

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Photosynthesis is a universal process for plant survival, and immune defense is also a key process in adapting to the growth environment. Various studies have indicated that these two processes are interconnected in a complex network. Photosynthesis can influence signaling pathways and provide both materials and energy for immune defense, while the immune defense process can also have feedback effects on photosynthesis. Pathogen infection inevitably leads to changes in photosynthesis parameters, including Pn, Gs, and Ci; biochemical materials such as SOD and CAT; signaling molecules such as H2O2 and hormones; and the expression of genes involved in photosynthesis. Some researchers have found that changes in photosynthesis activity are related to the resistance level of the host, the duration after infection, and the infection position (photosynthetic source or sink). Interactions between wheat and the main fungal pathogens, such as Puccinia striiformis, Blumeria graminis, and Fusarium graminearum, constitute an ideal study system to elucidate the relationship between changes in host photosynthesis and resistance levels, based on the accessibility of methods for artificially controlling infection and detecting changes in photosynthesis, the presence of multiple pathogens infecting different positions, and the abundance of host materials with various resistance levels. This review is written only from the perspective of plant pathologists, and after providing an overview of the available data, we generally found that changes in photosynthesis in the early stage of pathogen infection could be a causal factor influencing acquired resistance, while those in the late stage could be the result of resistance formation.

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Section: Global Downregulation Of Photosynthesis-related Genes In Response To Many Wheat Diseases May Disrupt Photosynthesis and Promote mentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Photosynthesis Could Provide Important Insight into the Interaction between Wheat and Fungal Pathogens

Yang

Luo

2021

IJMS

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“…The generation of ROS is another early event in plantpathogen (Camejo et al, 2019), plant-herbivore interactions (Zebelo and Maffei, 2015), systemic signaling (Fichman and Mittler, 2020), and plant immune response (Kuzniak and Kopczewski, 2020). ROS act as important signal transduction molecules and may act downstream or upstream of several signal transduction pathways (Foyer and Noctor, 2005).…”

Section: Edna Induces Early Tomato Events Which Are Typical Of the Biotic Stress Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

Extracellular Fragmented Self-DNA Is Involved in Plant Responses to Biotic Stress

2021

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A growing body of evidence indicates that extracellular fragmented self-DNA (eDNA), by acting as a signaling molecule, triggers inhibitory effects on conspecific plants and functions as a damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP). To evaluate early and late events in DAMP-dependent responses to eDNA, we extracted, fragmented, and applied the tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) eDNA to tomato leaves. Non-sonicated, intact self-DNA (intact DNA) was used as control. Early event analyses included the evaluation of plasma transmembrane potentials (Vm), cytosolic calcium variations (Ca2+cyt), the activity and subcellular localization of both voltage-gated and ligand-gated rectified K+ channels, and the reactive oxygen species (ROS) subcellular localization and quantification. Late events included RNA-Seq transcriptomic analysis and qPCR validation of gene expression of tomato leaves exposed to tomato eDNA. Application of eDNA induced a concentration-dependent Vm depolarization which was correlated to an increase in (Ca2+)cyt; this event was associated to the opening of K+ channels, with particular action on ligand-gated rectified K+ channels. Both eDNA-dependent (Ca2+)cyt and K+ increases were correlated to ROS production. In contrast, application of intact DNA produced no effects. The plant response to eDNA was the modulation of the expression of genes involved in plant–biotic interactions including pathogenesis-related proteins (PRPs), calcium-dependent protein kinases (CPK1), heat shock transcription factors (Hsf), heat shock proteins (Hsp), receptor-like kinases (RLKs), and ethylene-responsive factors (ERFs). Several genes involved in calcium signaling, ROS scavenging and ion homeostasis were also modulated by application of eDNA. Shared elements among the transcriptional response to eDNA and to biotic stress indicate that eDNA might be a common DAMP that triggers plant responses to pathogens and herbivores, particularly to those that intensive plant cell disruption or cell death. Our results suggest the intriguing hypothesis that some of the plant reactions to pathogens and herbivores might be due to DNA degradation, especially when associated to the plant cell disruption. Fragmented DNA would then become an important and powerful elicitor able to trigger early and late responses to biotic stress.

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“…All three types of resistance share similar signalling pathways and defence mechanisms that become active during different stages of the interaction with avirulent, nonhost and virulent pathogens, respectively 10,11 . These pathways and mechanisms include relatively early‐acting local defences, such as the accumulation of reactive oxygen species and cell‐wall reinforcements 12–15 . Also, there are later‐acting defences that are controlled by de novo produced defence hormones, such as salicylic acid (SA), jasmonic acid (JA), ethylene (ET) and abscisic acid (ABA), 16,17 which all interact with each other to prioritize and fine‐tune an appropriate immune response 18,19 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The rise, fall and resurrection of chemical‐induced resistance agents

Yassin

Ton

Rolfe

et al. 2021

Pest Management Science

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Since the discovery that the plant immune system could be augmented for improved deployment against biotic stressors through the exogenous application of chemicals that lead to induced resistance (IR), many such IR‐eliciting agents have been identified. Initially it was hoped that these chemical IR agents would be a benign alternative to traditional chemical biocides. However, owing to low efficacy and/or a realization that their benefits sometimes come at the cost of growth and yield penalties, chemical IR agents fell out of favour and were seldom used as crop protection products. Despite the lack of interest in agricultural use, researchers have continued to explore the efficacy and mechanisms of chemical IR. Moreover, as we move away from the approach of ‘zero tolerance’ toward plant pests and pathogens toward integrated pest management, chemical IR agents could have a place in the plant protection product list. In this review, we chart the rise and fall of chemical IR agents, and then explore a variety of strategies used to improve their efficacy and remediate their negative adverse effects. © 2021 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.

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The Chloroplast Reactive Oxygen Species-Redox System in Plant Immunity and Disease

Cited by 36 publications

References 87 publications

Changes in Photosynthesis Could Provide Important Insight into the Interaction between Wheat and Fungal Pathogens

Changes in Photosynthesis Could Provide Important Insight into the Interaction between Wheat and Fungal Pathogens

Extracellular Fragmented Self-DNA Is Involved in Plant Responses to Biotic Stress

The rise, fall and resurrection of chemical‐induced resistance agents

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