The chromatographic behaviour of new double‐labelled oligodeoxynucleotide probes containing azaphthalocyanine dye as a quencher with respect to evaluation of their purity

Abstract

The influence of experimental conditions on chromatographic behaviour of promising oligodeoxynucleotide double‐labelled molecular probes containing an azaphthalocyanine macrocycle as a perspective dark quencher was studied. A recently introduced new stationary phase based on styrene‐divinylbenzene copolymer was tested. The planar and hydrophobic structure of the azaphthalocyanine is considerably different from those of currently used fluorophores and quenchers. Thus, the most challenging issue was the separation of the double‐labelled probe from its main impurity represented by a mono‐labelled probe, containing only the azaphthalocyanine macrocycle. The absorbance measurement cannot simply determine this impurity, and its presence fundamentally compromises the biological assay. The commonly used gradient elution was not suitable and isocratic conditions seemed to be more appropriate. The azaphthalocyanine moiety influences the properties of the modified oligodeoxynucleotides substantially, and thus their chromatographic behaviour was determined predominantly by this quencher. Acetonitrile was the preferred organic solvent for the analysis of probes containing the azaphthalocyanine quencher and the effect of ion‐pairing reagents was dependent on the probe structure. The temperature seemed to be an effective parameter for fine‐tuning of the separation and mass transfer improvement. Generally, our findings could be helpful in method development for purity evaluation of double‐labelled oligodeoxynucleotide probes and semipreparative methods.