The chromosomes of Trypetesa lampas (Cirripedia, Acrothoracica)

White, Freya J.

doi:10.1007/bf00352490

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…In addition oocytes were removed directly from the ovary of a receptive specimen and mixed with deposited spermatozoa from its own mantle cavity and the secretion from the oviducal glands, in a cavity slide. Oocytes and freshly fertilized eggs were fixed in ethyl alcohol: glacial acetic acid (3:1) for cytological examination (White, 1970).…”

Section: Fertilizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sperm activation and fertilization in Balanus balanoides

Walley¹,

White²,

Brander³

1971

J. Mar. Biol. Ass.

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INTRODUCTIONBalanus balanoides (L.) is a cross-fertilizing hermaphrodite. Insemination takes place in November in North Wales. Spermatozoa are deposited in the mantle cavity of a receptive individual by the extended penis of a neighbouring ‘acting male’. If a receptive individual – that is one that will accept insemination – is examined before oviposition takes place, the oviducal glands are found to be distended by a clear fluid (Walley, 1965). Oviposition follows insemination and fertilization is external, taking place within the confined space of the mantle cavity. The oocytes enter the mantle cavity, via the paired oviducal glands, and become enclosed in a pair of thin membranes. These membranes, enveloping the egg masses, are formed by distension of the elastic sacs secreted by the oviducal glands (Walley, 1965) and the spermatozoa have to pass through them in order to fertilize the eggs. If spermatozoa which have been deposited in the mantle cavity of a receptive individual are removed and examined before oviposition begins, they are immotile. If, however, they are examined several minutes later, during oviposition, they are found to be swimming vigorously (Barnes & Crisp, 1956): they have apparently been activated. The work described in this paper yields some information on the activation of the spermatozoa in B. balanoides, supplements recent work on the structure of cirripede spermatozoa (Brown, unpublished2; Turquier & Pochon-Masson, 1969; Bocquet-Vedrine & Pochon-Masson 1969; Munn & Barnes, 1970), and fixes the time within the sequence of maturation divisions of the oocyte at which fertilization takes place.

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Section: Fertilizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sperm activation and fertilization in Balanus balanoides

Walley¹,

White²,

Brander³

1971

J. Mar. Biol. Ass.

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“…I–IV; Utinomi, 1964: 118, 125, 128; Seilacher, 1969: 709, 715, figures 1, 6, pl. IV; Tomlinson, 1969: 7, 11, 14–15, 17, 19–20, 22, 24–26, 28, 126, 131–132, 147, 150, 153, figure 36, table 2; White, 1969: 338; White, 1970: 29, 33, figure 2; Turquier & Carton 1976: 392; Newman & Abbott, 1980: 505–506, 509, 510, pl. 147; Grygier & Newman, 1985: 2, 18–19; Klepal, 1987: 251, 259–260, 294, 297; Barnes, 1989: 73–76, 78, table IV; Klepal, 1990: 362; Baluk & Radwánski, 1991: 1, 13, 22, 24, 30, 31, 32, 33, figure 7; Walker, 1992: 545, table 5 (in part); Anderson, 1994: 162, 178; Kozloff, 1996: 319; Williams & McDermott, 2004: 73–75, 90, table 1; Williams & Boyko, 2006: 294; Newman, 2007: 476, 481; Kolbasov & Høeg, 2007: 129–130, figures 3, 5, 11; Kolbasov, 2009: 16, 39, 41, 43, 46, 49, 57, 69, 81, 89, 97, 144, 147, 163, 168, 177, 197, 260, 338, 339, 394, 395, figures 8–10, 12, 15, 20, 23, 27, 29, 41, 49, 53, 60, 118, 150; Murphy, 2009: 5, 6, 8–10, 15, 19, 21, 24–26, 33, 34, 40–47, 55, 56, 58–60, 62–64, figures 1–9; Williams et al , 2011: 14. not Walker, 1992; table 5 ( T. lateralis from Puerto Rico is an error; it should be listed as T. lampas , as originally recorded by Seilacher, 1969).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

New records of two trypetesid burrowing barnacles (Crustacea: Cirripedia: Acrothoracica: Trypetesidae) and their predation on host hermit crab eggs

Murphy

Williams

2012

J. Mar. Biol. Ass.

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Acrothoracican barnacles of the genusTrypetesaare obligate symbionts of hermit crabs that burrow into the gastropod shells occupied by their hosts. In the present study, hermit crabs were examined for the presence of trypetesids, based on collections from the United States, Jamaica, and the Philippines made between 1997 and 2008. Shells from Jamaica and New York containedTrypetesa lateralis, a trypetesid previously documented from central California.Trypetesa lateralisis redescribed based on light and scanning electron microscopy, showing the presence of an external mantle flap and asymmetrical opercular bars diagnostic for this species. The mean prevalence of trypetesids in Jamaica was 8.3% and most barnacles were associated withCalcinus tibicen; in New York the barnacles were found in 1.6% of shells occupied byPagurus longicarpus. Specimens from the Philippines were identified asTrypetesa spinulosa(formerly known only from Madagascar) based on the presence of their diagnostic orificial palps. The mean prevalence ofT. spinulosain the Philippines was 3.7% and most barnacles were associated withCalcinusspp. Hermit crab eggs were observed in the guts ofT. lateralisfrom Jamaica andT. spinulosafrom the Philippines. In both of these regions the trypetesids were found significantly more often in shells occupied by female hermit crab hosts (80–87% with females). These findings suggest the barnacles be classified as transient parasites. The biology of trypetesids is reviewed and a key to the family is provided. Further studies are needed to determine if egg predation occurs in all trypetesids and the impacts on hosts.

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“…White (1970) found no chromosomal differences between the sexes in Tjyetesa lampus (Alcippe) nor have I found any among the embryos of B . galeatus.…”

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confidence: 84%

Extending Darwin's investigations on the barnacle life-history

Crisp¹

1983

Biological Journal of the Linnean Society

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Darwin's magnificent study of the stalked, sessile and fossil barnacles, perhaps his greatest work, was started not many years after the systematic position of cirripedes within the class Crustacea had been accepted. It was completed at a time when histology and microtomy were not developed and when living specimens could only be seen on occasional visits to the seaside. Yet 130 years later it remains the standard text.It was on a visit to Tenby that he observed that barnacles were sensitive to vibration and, in seeking an acoustic organ, he mistakenly seized upon the oviducal gland. This led to an ever increasing series of misinterpretations of the female generative mechanism. Associated with this error was the belief that the ovary and cement glands were homologous in both cyprid and adult. He later confessed to "having blundered terribly over the cement glands", but it was probably his search for examples of organs changing their function during evolution that led to this blunder. Similarly, he convinced himself mistakenly that the ovigerous fmna, which hold fast the egg masses to the mantle lining in stalked barnacles, became modified to gills in sessile barnacles.Darwin's interest in barnacle reproduction led to his discovery of complemental males attached to hermaphrodite individuals. He proved that they were dwarf cirripedes and not parasites. His knowledge that male and hermaphrodite flowers could co-exist helped him to accept that these apparently unnecessary beings could be present also in barnacles. We now know that complemental males are not confined to stalked barnacles but are also present in certain balanids. Though Darwin did not include the dioecious parasitic group, the Rhizocephala, in his studies, he recognized the wide repertoire of sexual arrangements from hermaphroditism to dioecy which now provides challenging material to our further understanding of sex allocation, control and evolution.Since Darwin dealt mainly with dried or preserved specimens he did not describe any of the details of the liberation of nauplii or the searching behaviour of the cyprid. Current investigators have shown that the former involves a prostaglandin which activates the embryos. Searching cyprids have been shown to be able to recognize their own and other species. Charles would have seen in this phenomenon a relevance both to survival and to the evolution of epizoic barnacles.Despite Charles' belief that his barnacle work would be "for ever unapplied" it has in fact been the foundation on which all studies of commercially important barnacle fouling have been based.

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The chromosomes of Trypetesa lampas (Cirripedia, Acrothoracica)

Cited by 7 publications

References 13 publications

Sperm activation and fertilization in Balanus balanoides

Sperm activation and fertilization in Balanus balanoides

New records of two trypetesid burrowing barnacles (Crustacea: Cirripedia: Acrothoracica: Trypetesidae) and their predation on host hermit crab eggs

Extending Darwin's investigations on the barnacle life-history

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