The Circulating Biomarker Fractalkine and Platelet-Derived Growth Factor BB are Correlated with Carotid Plaque Vulnerability Assessed by Computed Tomography Angiography

Yuan, Xiaofan; Shen, Guanru; Hu, Qingzhe; Xiao, Hongmei; Qin, Xinyue

doi:10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2022.106422

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Low circulating levels of Fractalkine and an increased serum concentration of plateletderived growth factor B (PDGF-BB) are positively related to plaque calcification and the LNRC and represent circulating biomarkers of plaque instability [48]. Fractalkine and PDGF-BB recruit macrophages to the vascular wall, induce intraplaque neoangiogenesis, and induce the switch of VSMCs into the osteogenic phenotype, favoring plaque instability [49,50].…”

Section: Role Of Inflammation In Plaque Vulnerabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Pathways of Vulnerable Carotid Plaques at Risk of Ischemic Stroke: A Narrative Review

Miceli,

Basso,

Pintus

et al. 2024

IJMS

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The concept of vulnerable carotid plaques is pivotal in understanding the pathophysiology of ischemic stroke secondary to large-artery atherosclerosis. In macroscopic evaluation, vulnerable plaques are characterized by one or more of the following features: microcalcification; neovascularization; lipid-rich necrotic cores (LRNCs); intraplaque hemorrhage (IPH); thin fibrous caps; plaque surface ulceration; huge dimensions, suggesting stenosis; and plaque rupture. Recognizing these macroscopic characteristics is crucial for estimating the risk of cerebrovascular events, also in the case of non-significant (less than 50%) stenosis. Inflammatory biomarkers, such as cytokines and adhesion molecules, lipid-related markers like oxidized low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and proteolytic enzymes capable of degrading extracellular matrix components are among the key molecules that are scrutinized for their associative roles in plaque instability. Through their quantification and evaluation, these biomarkers reveal intricate molecular cross-talk governing plaque inflammation, rupture potential, and thrombogenicity. The current evidence demonstrates that plaque vulnerability phenotypes are multiple and heterogeneous and are associated with many highly complex molecular pathways that determine the activation of an immune-mediated cascade that culminates in thromboinflammation. This narrative review provides a comprehensive analysis of the current knowledge on molecular biomarkers expressed by symptomatic carotid plaques. It explores the association of these biomarkers with the structural and compositional attributes that characterize vulnerable plaques.

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Section: Role Of Inflammation In Plaque Vulnerabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Pathways of Vulnerable Carotid Plaques at Risk of Ischemic Stroke: A Narrative Review

Miceli,

Basso,

Pintus

et al. 2024

IJMS

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“…11 PDGF, specifically PDGF-BB is associated with artery stenosis and proliferation of smooth muscle, and recently has been shown to increase plaque vulnerability to rupture. 12 This means that omega-3 supplementation could possibly prevent artery stenosis and increase plaque stability (►Fig. 1).…”

Section: How Omega-3 Exerts Its Antiatherogenic Effectmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Evidence and Future Directions of Omega-3 Supplementation and Cardiovascular Disease Risk

Dwiputra,

Santoso,

Purwowiyoto

et al. 2023

Int J Angiol

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Omega-3 supplementation has a controversial role in the secondary prevention of cardiovascular diseases. Despite large clinical trials published over the years, the evidence of omega-3 in preventing cardiovascular diseases, especially coronary heart disease, is still inconclusive. However, recent clinical trials using higher dose of omega-3 or highly purified esters of omega-3 shows promising result, with reduction in cardiovascular death and incidence of cardiovascular disease. This review aims to summarize the possible mechanism of omega-3 in preventing cardiovascular disease and future directions of research regarding the benefit of omega-3 in cardiovascular disease.

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The Circulating Biomarker Fractalkine and Platelet-Derived Growth Factor BB are Correlated with Carotid Plaque Vulnerability Assessed by Computed Tomography Angiography

Cited by 2 publications

References 37 publications

Molecular Pathways of Vulnerable Carotid Plaques at Risk of Ischemic Stroke: A Narrative Review

Molecular Pathways of Vulnerable Carotid Plaques at Risk of Ischemic Stroke: A Narrative Review

Current Evidence and Future Directions of Omega-3 Supplementation and Cardiovascular Disease Risk

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