The classification (typology) problems of lexicographical information resources

Abstract

The lexicographical information resources are being studied by many scientific disciplines: the library science, bibliography, bibliology, lexicography, etc. The author examines the polar-opposite opinions regarding the terms “typo­logy” and “classification”, i. e. their synonymity or absolute demarcation. As a result of scholarly discussions, the terms “bibliotypology” and “typological classification”, “typology of classification”, “typology of typologies”, etc., emerged. The major problems of classification/typology of lexicographical information resources are analyzed. These problems hinder the reference and bibliographic user services. The problems embrace comprehension of modern lexicographical processes, diversity of classifications/typologies, dictionary boom, rise in the number of dictionaries, their types and genres, typological and aspectual synonymity of dictionaries, etc. The solutions for these types of information resources are suggested (integrated studies by lexicographers, linguists, information and library scientists; identification of major groups of characteristics to be used in classification/typology of lexicographical information resources, etc.). The author’s alphabet explanatory synonymic glossary “The vectors of modern national lexicography” [in Russian] and the alphabet union synonymic bibliography “The modern dictionaries of the Russian language” comprise the terms essential for reference and bibliographic services when executing queries of lexicographical and socio-humanitarian character.

Capillary permeability of concrete in aggressive dry hot climate

“…Taking into account the above, the relationship of capillary permeability with the salt resistance of concrete was determined by an indirect method: by the change in the ultimate tensile strength of concrete specimens in bending, the magnitude of the relative expansion deformations of concrete and the accumulation of SO2-4 and Cl-ions, as well as the salt resistance coefficient (Kc). [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18].…”

“…After 9.10.12 months of testing in sodium sulfate solution Rben of concrete specimens with cement consumption of 290.360 and 430 kg / m 3 and additives POLY-ANS 1, POLY-ANS 2, POLY-ANS 3 decreases by 50, 36, 24, respectively; 40, 31, 15; 35, 26, 12%, and in a sulfate-chloride solution at 55, 46, 29; 46, 37, 16; 42, 31, 15%, respectively (Figure -4). At the same time, concrete samples with a cement content of 290 kg / m 3 and additives had visible cracks due to expansion deformations from bulk crystallization pressure [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25].…”

“…In a sulfate-chloride solution, the depth of concrete destruction is naturally somewhat higher and amounts to 1.5-2 mm (Figure -1). [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24].…”

“…As you know, the corrosion resistance of concrete cement stone depends, on the one hand, on the chemical resistance of its constituents in relation to an aggressive agent (for example, SO4 2-ion), and on the other, on the rate of penetration of the solution of this aggressor into the cement stone [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17].…”