The climatology of shamals in the Arabian Sea—Part 1: Surface winds

Aboobacker, V. M.; Shanas, P. R.

doi:10.1002/joc.5711

Cited by 22 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The dominant shamal wave directions vary among different locations; around 290°, 320° and 360°, respectively at W1, W2 and W3. This is consistent with the variations of the shamal winds at the respective locations (Part 1, Aboobacker and Shanas, ). The duration of shamal waves can be higher than the shamal winds, because once generated, the waves can propagate even after the wind weakens.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 88%

The climatology of shamals in the Arabian Sea—Part 2: Surface waves

Aboobacker¹,

Shanas²

2018

Intl Journal of Climatology

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The wave conditions in the Arabian Sea are mainly controlled by the SW/NE monsoon winds, the swells from the South Indian Ocean, and to some extent by the regional/local wind systems. The shamal winds are one of the important regional wind systems, which contribute to the wave characteristics in the Arabian Sea considerably. Previous studies explored the existence of shamal swells in the Arabian Sea, based on measurements and modelling during selected shamal events. The present study investigates the climatological features of the shamal waves in the Arabian Sea by analysing ERA-Interim significant wave heights (SWH) for the period 1987-2016. The ERA-Interim SWHs were validated against altimeter observations and available measurements in the Arabian Sea. Monthly and annual climatology of shamal and total waves were derived, the trends were estimated and discussed. The results indicate that the annual and monthly shamal SWHs (mean and 99th percentile) are significantly decreasing in most part of the Arabian Sea, while they are increasing in the Gulf of Oman. Significant increase in the 99th percentile total SWHs were estimated in the central Arabian Sea. The makran windinduced waves were identified in the northern Arabian Sea for the first time.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 88%

The climatology of shamals in the Arabian Sea—Part 2: Surface waves

Aboobacker¹,

Shanas²

2018

Intl Journal of Climatology

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“…The estimated monthly mean wind power densities show that the highest wind power within the EEZ of Qatar (especially offshore) occurred during February, around 400 W/m 2 at the northernmost region (Figure 10). The wind climate studies have already reported that the strongest shamal winds in the region occurred during February, while the number of occurrences was high in January [48,76]. Hence, there is a direct correlation between the shamal magnitudes with the monthly wind power density.…”

Section: Monthly Mean Wind Powermentioning

confidence: 90%

Long-Term Assessment of Onshore and Offshore Wind Energy Potentials of Qatar

et al. 2021

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Exploitation of conventional energy resources has caused a deliberate increase in the emitted carbon in the atmosphere, which catalyzes global warming trends. This is a matter of concern, especially in Qatar, where fossil fuels (oil and gas) are largely relied upon for power production. The dependency on such resources could be gradually reduced by utilizing clean and renewable energy. Resource characterization is an important step to evaluate the potentiality of available renewable energy sources. Wind energy is one among them, which has not been assessed reliably so far in Qatar. We analyzed the wind energy potential along the onshore and offshore areas of Qatar using 40 years (1979–2018) of hourly wind data extracted from the ECMWF Reanalysis v5 (ERA5) database. Monthly, seasonal, annual, and decadal mean wind power densities have been derived. Reliability tests have been carried out at select onshore and offshore locations. Trends and inter-annual variability have been assessed. The study reveals that the available wind resources are generally moderate but consistent with no intense trends during the 40 year period. An inter-annual variability in wind power has been identified, which has secured links with the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO).

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“…The wind power rose diagrams indicate that the wind power in the shelf seas is directionally distributed (Figure 9). Winds in the AS are influenced by the Somali jet (which is also known as monsoon low-level-jet or Findlater jet [23]), Shamal winds from the eastern Arabian Peninsula [26], Makran winds from the southern coast of Pakistan [27], and the northeast monsoon winds [28]. Since these wind systems are predominant in the AS, the directional distribution of wind power for most of the locations in the AS are in wide directional sectors (Figure 9).…”

Section: Directional Distribution Of Wind Powermentioning

confidence: 99%

Regional Study of Changes in Wind Power in the Indian Shelf Seas over the Last 40 Years

et al. 2020

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Wind power variations at two heights (the surface level and turbine hub level) were investigated at 20 locations in the shelf seas of India using hourly fifth generation European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) atmospheric reanalyses of the global climate (ERA5) data covering the last 40 years (1979 to 2018). The interannual and seasonal variability in wind power was studied. The wind power density, the exceedance probability of power density and the exploitable wind resources were examined. In the Indian shelf seas, the annual mean wind power density at 10 m above mean sea level varies from 82 to 353 W/m2. Wind power density at 110.8 m is 20% to 40% higher than at 10 m above mean sea level. The study shows that the shelf seas have an abundance of wind power, with wind speeds over 3 m/s during 90% of the time at locations 1 to 3, 12 and 13, with a high occurrence of exploitable wind energy above 0.7 × 103 kWh/m2. Among the locations studied, the most power-rich area was location 12, where during ~62% of the time power was greater than 200 W/m2. A significant change (~10–35%) in inter-annual wind power density was detected at a few locations, and these variations were associated with Indian summer monsoon and El Niño–Southern Oscillation events. Trend analysis suggests a decreasing trend in the annual mean wind power density for most of the locations in the Indian shelf seas over the last 40 years. Wind power has considerable directional distribution, and at different locations the annual wind power from the dominant direction is 10% to 79% of the total available power from all directions.

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The climatology of shamals in the Arabian Sea—Part 1: Surface winds

Cited by 22 publications

References 21 publications

The climatology of shamals in the Arabian Sea—Part 2: Surface waves

The climatology of shamals in the Arabian Sea—Part 2: Surface waves

Long-Term Assessment of Onshore and Offshore Wind Energy Potentials of Qatar

Regional Study of Changes in Wind Power in the Indian Shelf Seas over the Last 40 Years

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