The clinical and coronary angiographic profile of 601 older adult patients with acute coronary syndrome treated at a tertiary hospital in North India and complications of percutaneous coronary intervention with the 30-day mortality

An Overview of Contrast-induced Acute Kidney Injury

“…These comorbidities include T2DM, congestive heart failure, abrupt hypotension (requiring vasoconstrictors or intra-aortic balloon pump), myocardial infarction, and volume diminution. 4 Patients with chronic renal disease are susceptible to CI-AKI because compensatory processes to uphold filtration performance are decreased, and fewer nephrons are available to eliminate the contrast load. Additional risk factors include procedural considerations such as the measure and class of contrast used.…”

“…However, it is always better to give enhanced attention to the clinical management of patients with the clinical characteristics associated with an increased risk of CI-AKI before and after the procedure, such as pre-existing kidney disease(defined as eGFR ≤60 mL/min/1.73 m 2 ), diabetes, advanced age (≥75 years), heart failure, reduced ejection fraction, and hemodynamic instability. 4, 8, 9 It has been suggested that zero-contrast PCI also reduces CI-AKI, thereby improving the outcome of CKD patients undergoing PCI.…”

“…Elderly patients also pose multiple challenges in the form of advanced complex coronary diseases and multiple comorbidities. 4…”

“…Elderly patients also pose multiple challenges in the form of advanced complex coronary diseases and multiple comorbidities. 4 However, there are no effective treatments for contrastinduced nephropathy once it has developed; prevention is the cornerstone of management. 1 In recent years, intravenous hydration, pharmacological medicines, and renal replacement therapy have contributed to a decline in CI-AKI incidence.…”