Aspergillus species are widely distributed in nature. Aspergillus can cause life-threatening invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) in patients with impaired immune function. IPA is difficult to diagnose because the symptoms are nonspecific, and the radiologic findings can be various. A 68-year-old female was referred to the department of pulmonology for right upper chest pain for two weeks. Computedtomography (CT) scan showed suspicion of lung cancer, then endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) was performed. IPA was diagnosed histologically. In Korea, this is the first report of IPA diagnosed through EBUS-TBNA. The role of EBUS-TBNA in the histological diagnosis of mass like lung lesions is expected to expand.