The clinical diagnosis of HIV-infection in a specialized hospital

Abstract

Aim. To assess the structure of opportunistic infections and concomitant diseases, including the stage of infection, in patients hospitalized with HIV-infection. Methods. 40 cases of in-patient treatment of patients diagnosed with HIV aged 25 to 42 (mean age 34.26±1.22), male - 26, female - 14, with mean duration of infection 6,7±0,6 years were analyzed. Results. The patients were admitted to the hospital on 17±3.24 day of the disease, including cases of pulmonary diseases (on 23±3.6 day), cases of chronic hepatitis reactivation and liver cirrhosis decompensation (on 30±10.09 day), cases of acute infections (on 7±1.16 day). Previous psychoactive drug use was confirmed in 28 (70.0%) of patients. 13 (32.5%) patients received treatment with antiretroviral drugs, 3 (7.5%) have abandoned it, the rest had never been offered an antiretroviral treatment. According to the classification by V.I. Pokrovsky, the patient were staged as: stage III - 4 (10.0%) patients, stage IVA - 8 (20.0%), IVB - 11 (27.5)%, IVC - 17 (42.5%) patients. Pulmonary diseases were the most prevalent and were diagnosed in 17 (42,5%) patients, including cases of community-acquired pneumonia (focal, multisegmental, interstitial, lobular) in 8 (47.1%) patients, pulmonary tuberculosis (infiltrative, military, intrathoracic lymph nodes tuberculosis) in 9 (52.9)% patients. Liver diseases (chronic hepatitis B, chronic hepatitis B + C, liver cirrhosis) were the most frequent concomitant diseases and were found in 21 (52.5%) patients. Conclusion. Herpes zoster and liver diseases are the most predominant concomitant diseases at the early stages of HIV-infection, whereas ooportunistic infections, tuberculosis, community-acquired pneumonia and sepsis are typical in patients with late stages of HIV-infection.

Clinical and epidemiological characteristics of secondary diseases in HIV-infected patients in hospital care

“…Проанализированы 60 историй болезни пациентов с диагнозом «ВИЧ-инфекция», поступивших в 2011 г. [8] Уровень вирусной нагрузки (ВН) РНК ВИЧ интерпретировали следующим образом: высокая ВН ->100 000 коп/мл, средняя -от 10 000 до 100 000, низкая -<10 000 коп/мл. Аналогичным образом представлено разделение уровней CD4 + -лимфоцитов в соответствии с классификацией иммунных нарушений ВОЗ: высокий ->500 кл/мкл, средний -от 200 до 500, низкий -<200 кл/мкл [9].…”