The clinical potential of circulating microRNAs in obesity

Ji, Chenbo; Guo, Xirong

doi:10.1038/s41574-019-0260-0

Cited by 214 publications

(178 citation statements)

References 107 publications

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“…That highlights the perspectives of these new targets to restore the normality of energy homeostasis and to struggle the progression of obesity by modulating the plasticity of adipose tissue, mainly visceral WAT ( 80 ). Since miRNAs are deeply associated with adipocytes differentiation and obesity, circulating miRNAs are very attractive biomarkers and therapeutic tools for obesity prevention and treatment ( 46 ).…”

Section: The Role Of Mirnas In White and Brown Adipose Tissuementioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Adipose Tissue–Derived miRNAs in Metabolic Syndrome, Obesity, and Cancer

2020

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Obesity is a multifactorial and complex condition that is characterized by abnormal and excessive white adipose tissue accumulation, which can lead to the development of metabolic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, cardiovascular diseases, and several types of cancer. Obesity is characterized by excessive adipose tissue accumulation and associated with alterations in immunity, displaying a chronic low-grade inflammation profile. Adipose tissue is a dynamic and complex endocrine organ composed not only by adipocytes, but several immunological cells, which can secrete hormones, cytokines and many other factors capable of regulating metabolic homeostasis and several critical biological pathways. Remarkably, adipose tissue is a major source of circulating microRNAs (miRNAs), recently described as a novel form of adipokines. Several adipose tissue–derived miRNAs are deeply associated with adipocytes differentiation and have been identified with an essential role in obesity-associated inflammation, insulin resistance, and tumor microenvironment. During obesity, adipose tissue can completely change the profile of the secreted miRNAs, influencing circulating miRNAs and impacting the development of different pathological conditions, such as obesity, metabolic syndrome, and cancer. In this review, we discuss how miRNAs can act as epigenetic regulators affecting adipogenesis, adipocyte differentiation, lipid metabolism, browning of the white adipose tissue, glucose homeostasis, and insulin resistance, impacting deeply obesity and metabolic diseases. Moreover, we characterize how miRNAs can often act as oncogenic and tumor suppressor molecules, significantly modulating cancer establishment and progression. Furthermore, we highlight in this manuscript how adipose tissue–derived miRNAs can function as important new therapeutic targets.

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Section: The Role Of Mirnas In White and Brown Adipose Tissuementioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Adipose Tissue–Derived miRNAs in Metabolic Syndrome, Obesity, and Cancer

2020

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“…MicroRNAs, particularly circulating microRNAs, have been found to be highly stable with long half-lives under a controlled environment [47,48]. Accumulating evidence from studies across broad biomedical disciplines suggests the involvement of microRNAs, and their potential applications as diagnostic as well as prognostic biomarkers in various human diseases including cancer [49][50][51], neurodegenerative diseases [52][53][54][55], fertility disorders [56,57], and metabolic disorders [58,59]. For several years, our research effort has been devoted to discovering potential applications of microRNAs in disease diagnosis, as well as elucidating the role of dysregulated microRNAs in cardiovascular pathogenesis [60][61][62][63][64].…”

Section: Micrornas the Small Nucleotides That May Play Big Roles In mentioning

confidence: 99%

Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction (HFrEF) and Preserved Ejection Fraction (HFpEF): The Diagnostic Value of Circulating MicroRNAs

Chen

Wong

Liew

et al. 2019

Cells

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Circulating microRNAs offer attractive potential as epigenetic disease biomarkers by virtue of their biological stability and ready accessibility in liquid biopsies. Numerous clinical cohort studies have revealed unique microRNA profiles in different disease settings, suggesting utility as markers with diagnostic and prognostic applications. Given the complex network of microRNA functions in modulating gene expression and post-transcriptional modifications, the circulating microRNA landscape in disease may reflect pathophysiological status, providing valuable information for delineating distinct subtypes and/or stages of complex diseases. Heart failure (HF) is an increasingly significant global health challenge, imposing major economic liability and health care burden due to high hospitalization, morbidity, and mortality rates. Although HF is defined as a syndrome characterized by symptoms and findings on physical examination, it may be further differentiated based on left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and categorized as HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). The presenting clinical syndromes in HFpEF and HFrEF are similar but mortality differs, being somewhat lower in HFpEF than in HFrEF. However, while HFrEF is responsive to an array of therapies, none has been shown to improve survival in HFpEF. Herein, we review recent HF cohort studies focusing on the distinct microRNA profiles associated with HF subtypes to reveal new insights to underlying mechanisms and explore the possibility of exploiting these differences for diagnostic/prognostic applications.

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“…Similarly, abnormal expression of lncRNAs can also be knocked down. At present no specific miRNA therapies aiming at reducing fat mass in obese subjects are available, but research is this field is very active [54,55].…”

Section: Epigenetics and Adipogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular and Lifestyle Factors Modulating Obesity Disease

et al. 2020

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Obesity adversely affects bone health by means of multiple mechanisms, e.g., alterations in bone-regulating hormones, inflammation, and oxidative stress. Substantial evidence supports the relationship between adiposity and bone disorders in overweight/obese individuals. It is well known that the balance between mutually exclusive differentiation of progenitor cells into osteoblasts or adipocytes is controlled by different agents, including growth factors, hormones, genetic and epigenetic factors. Furthermore, an association between vitamin D deficiency and obesity has been reported. On the other hand, regular physical activity plays a key role in weight control, in the reduction of obesity-associated risks and promotes osteogenesis. The aim of this review is to highlight relevant cellular and molecular aspects for over-weight containment. In this context, the modulation of progenitor cells during differentiation as well as the role of epigenetics and microbiota in obesity disease will be discussed. Furthermore, lifestyle changes including an optimized diet as well as targeted physical activity will be suggested as strategies for the treatment of obesity disease.

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The clinical potential of circulating microRNAs in obesity

Cited by 214 publications

References 107 publications

The Impact of Adipose Tissue–Derived miRNAs in Metabolic Syndrome, Obesity, and Cancer

The Impact of Adipose Tissue–Derived miRNAs in Metabolic Syndrome, Obesity, and Cancer

Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction (HFrEF) and Preserved Ejection Fraction (HFpEF): The Diagnostic Value of Circulating MicroRNAs

Molecular and Lifestyle Factors Modulating Obesity Disease

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