The Clinical Profile of Kawasaki Disease in Algerian Children: A Single Institution Experience

Boudiaf, Houda; Achir, Moussa

doi:10.1093/tropej/fmv090

Cited by 16 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The first case was 3 year old child while the second was an infant. This is in keeping with epidemiologic studies from Algeria and Japan which have shown that more than 90% of children are less than 5 years of age [ 2 , 5 ].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 87%

“…In Africa, two cases were reported in South Africa in Caucasian children in 1980 but the first case in an African child was reported in Ivory Coast in 1981. Despite of sporadic cases being reported across many countries in Africa, mainly North Africa and the West African region, the epidemiological data for KD is limited for African countries [ 3 – 5 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Kawasaki disease: two case reports from the Aga Khan Hospital, Dar es Salaam-Tanzania

Noorani

Lakhani

2018

BMC Pediatr

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BackgroundKawasaki disease is a common childhood vasculitis which may result in cardiovascular morbidity if not adequately treated. Its epidemiology in the African region is not well described. Its features may mimic other childhood infections and hemoglobinopathies and it is rarely diagnosed in the East African region. These are the first reports of this disease from Tanzania.Case presentationWe present two cases of complete Kawasaki disease seen over a 2 year period and diagnosed as per the criteria defined by the American Heart Association. One child was and infant and the other a 3 year old. Both of them presented with a prolonged fever and mucocutaneous findings. None of the children developed coronary artery aneurysms. One was treated with aspirin alone and the other with both aspirin and intravenous immunoglobulin. Both children had complete recovery and did not have any cardiovascular sequelae.ConclusionKawasaki disease may be more common in the East African region than previously thought. It should be considered as a differential diagnosis in children who present with a prolonged fever of greater than 5 days and mucocutaneous findings. More awareness about this condition, its epidemiology, diagnosis and management are required in order to prevent the cardiovascular morbidity associated with it.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kawasaki disease: two case reports from the Aga Khan Hospital, Dar es Salaam-Tanzania

Noorani

Lakhani

2018

BMC Pediatr

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“…The incidence of Kawasaki in Tunisia, Morocco, and Algeria has been documented as 0.95, 4.52, and 3.15, respectively [ 17 ]. Boudiaf et al [ 18 ••] reviewed 133 children (82 boys and 51 girls) with KD that were seen at a public hospital in Algeria between 2005 and 2014. Of the 133 patients seen, 131 met the complete criteria for Kawasaki while two demonstrated incomplete criteria.…”

Section: Medium-vessel Vasculitismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mean age at diagnosis was 31 months. The commonest signs were fever, rash, oral changes, and conjunctivitis [ 18 ••]. A study from Egypt reported that 6.7% of adults aged 40 years or younger and who underwent angiography for evaluation of possible myocardial ischemia had lesions consistent with antecedent KD [ 19 ].…”

Section: Medium-vessel Vasculitismentioning

confidence: 99%

Vasculitis in Africa

2018

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Purpose of ReviewSystemic vasculitides are characterized by inflammation of blood vessel walls leading to a myriad of organ disorders depending on the size, site, and location of the affected blood vessel. The epidemiology of vasculitis in the developing world has been inadequately documented. The description of the vasculitides in Africa, both from hospital series as well as taking into consideration, previous epidemiological studies in the community, indicates that these conditions have been rare until relatively recently. In view of these past observations, this review of publications on the topic looks to shed light on the current state of vasculitis in Africa.Recent FindingsTakayasu and Kawasaki appear to be the most commonly reported vasculitides in Africa. Most of the published reports are from North and South Africa. Furthermore, the contribution of vasculitis associated with infections, and in particular HIV, is significant.SummaryThere are increasing numbers of publications reflecting a growing recognition of the vasculitides in Africa.

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“…5 Heart complications constitute a significant cause of morbidity in these patients, which may appear in the acute phase (myocarditis, pericarditis, mitral regurgitation, and coronary artery ectasia) or in the subacute phase of the disease (coronary artery aneurysms). 6 Many children, especially infants, do not exhibit all of the above criteria (nontypical or incomplete Kawasaki disease 5 days with fever but < additional four diagnostic criteria). In these patients, heart complications tend to be more frequent.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Involvement of Nervous System in Kawasaki Disease

Γώγου

Giannopoulos

2017

J Pediatr Neurol

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The aim of this study was to summarize the published reports about neurological manifestations of Kawasaki disease and underlying mechanisms. PubMed was used as the source for medical database. The prevalence of neurological complications is estimated to range from 1.1 to 3.7% and can include strokes, inflammation of central nervous system, dysfunction of cranial nerves, behavioral disorders as well as syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion. Their incidence is usually associated with an increased risk for coronary artery aneurysms. In particular, the involvement of facial nerve seems to be a marker of disease severity. Although prognosis is generally remarkable, serious complications may arise in some cases. The early initiation of appropriate therapy prevents the appearance of neurological manifestations in children with Kawasaki disease.

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The Clinical Profile of Kawasaki Disease in Algerian Children: A Single Institution Experience

Cited by 16 publications

References 17 publications

Kawasaki disease: two case reports from the Aga Khan Hospital, Dar es Salaam-Tanzania

Kawasaki disease: two case reports from the Aga Khan Hospital, Dar es Salaam-Tanzania

Vasculitis in Africa

Involvement of Nervous System in Kawasaki Disease

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