The Coating of Bovine-Source Hydroxyapatite on Titanium Alloy (Ti-6Al-4V ELI) Using Electrophoretic Deposition for Biomedical Application

Abstract

<jats:p>Research about the utilization of titanium alloy (Ti-6Al-4V ELI) as implant material in the treatment of orthopedic cases had been increasing. Health problems appear due to the drawbacks of using titanium. The lack of titanium using is bio-inertness characteristic, which decreasing its bioactivity and results in low bone growth and effect for implant failure. The titanium can be modified with coating on the surface using a bioactive substance that is natural-source hydroxyapatite. Bovine-source hydroxyapatite (bovineHA) contains apatite component that is similar to human bone apatite. The coating process was carried out using particle size variation (25 μm, 63 μm, and 125 μm) of bovineHA. The electrophoretic deposition (EPD) method was applied to coat hydroxyapatite with 10 volt for 5 minutes onto the titanium surface. The result showed that different size particles have an effect on coating properties. The coating composed by particle-sized 25 μm has better surface coverage (95.89%), indicating more particle mass (particle weight 6.97x10<jats:sup>3</jats:sup> μg) attached to surface material, thus resulting thick coating. The good coating characteristic using bovine-source hydroxyapatite with small particle size was expected can be used in biomedical applications due to fulfill the prerequisite of the bone implant.</jats:p>

Research Progress on the Preparation Process and Material Structure of 3D-Printed Dental Implants and Their Clinical Applications

“…Common coatings applied using EPD include HA, graphene oxide (GO), and Ag [87][88][89][90]. Juliadmi et al [91] used EPD to deposit HA coatings of natural origin onto implant surfaces, resulting in good surface coverage and improved coating performance. EPD is also capable of coating more complex shapes.…”

A Comprehensive Review of Surface Modification Techniques for Enhancing the Biocompatibility of 3D-Printed Titanium Implants

“…Common EPD coatings include HA, graphene oxide (GO), and Ag [106][107][108][109][110]. Juliadmi et al [38] deposited natural-source HA coatings onto implant surfaces via EPD, resulting in good surface coverage and more surface material particles, improving coating properties. Furthermore, EPD can also coat more complex shapes.…”

Bio-Based Adhesives for Orthopedic Applications: Sources, Preparation, Characterization, Challenges, and Future Perspectives

“…Hydroxyapatite can actually be synthesized chemically from the precipitate of calcium and phosphate. However, this material can also be synthesized from natural resources included clam shells, egg shells, or animal bones like bovine bone [62][63][64][65][66][67][68]. Hydroxyapatite was chosen as bio-based adhesive material in orthopedic application because of its biocompatibility and bio-activity, since hydroxyapatite is actually a natural matrix of human bone which constructs the bone tissue along with protein and other organic compound [69][70][71][72][73].…”