“…Consistent with previous findings, linking KS status and intelligence with cognitive performance (Bender, Linden, & Harmon, 2001; Bender, Linden, & Robinson, 1993; Boada, Janusz, Hutaff‐Lee, & Tartaglia, 2009; Kompus et al., 2011; O'Brien & Pearson, 2004; Ross et al., 2008; Walzer, Bashir, & Silbert, 1990), this research represents a relatively rare biopsychosocial examination of cognitive performance among individuals with chromosomal abnormalities and, to the best of our knowledge, the first such examination among patients with KS. These results also help explain cognitive deficits among patients with KS by identifying the central—though not necessarily exclusive—role of intelligence in this process.…”