The coincidence between late non-phase-locked gamma synchronization response and saccadic eye movements

Reva, N.V.; Афтанас, Л. И.

doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2003.09.005

Cited by 29 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Our data replicate recent reports of a microsaccadic spike potential in the EEG (Reva and Aftanas, 2004;Trujillo et al, 2005;Yuval-Greenberg et al, 2008). While cerebral contributions to the SP have been discussed (Nativ et al, 1990;Parks and Corballis, 2008), it is generally thought to originate in the extraocular muscles and to reflect a summation of EMG spikes during the maximal recruitment of motor units at saccade onset (Moster and Goldberg, 1990;Sparks, 2002).…”

Section: Spike Potentialsupporting

confidence: 90%

Human Microsaccade-Related Visual Brain Responses

Dimigen

Valsecchi²,

Sommer³

et al. 2009

J. Neurosci.

163

192

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Microsaccades are very small, involuntary flicks in eye position that occur on average once or twice per second during attempted visual fixation. Microsaccades give rise to EMG eye muscle spikes that can distort the spectrum of the scalp EEG and mimic increases in gamma band power. Here we demonstrate that microsaccades are also accompanied by genuine and sizeable cortical activity, manifested in the EEG. In three experiments, high-resolution eye movements were corecorded with the EEG: during sustained fixation of checkerboard and face stimuli and in a standard visual oddball task that required the counting of target stimuli. Results show that microsaccades as small as 0.15°generate a field potential over occipital cortex and midcentral scalp sites 100 -140 ms after movement onset, which resembles the visual lambda response evoked by larger voluntary saccades. This challenges the standard assumption of human brain imaging studies that saccade-related brain activity is precluded by fixation, even when fully complied with. Instead, additional cortical potentials from microsaccades were present in 86% of the oddball task trials and of similar amplitude as the visual response to stimulus onset. Furthermore, microsaccade probability varied systematically according to the proportion of target stimuli in the oddball task, causing modulations of late stimulus-locked event-related potential (ERP) components. Microsaccades present an unrecognized source of visual brain signal that is of interest for vision research and may have influenced the data of many ERP and neuroimaging studies.

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Section: Spike Potentialsupporting

confidence: 90%

Human Microsaccade-Related Visual Brain Responses

Dimigen

Valsecchi²,

Sommer³

et al. 2009

J. Neurosci.

163

192

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, the validity of the results of gamma band EEG studies has been called into question. Yuval-Greenberg et al (2008) recently published an article demonstrating a strong coincidence between induced gamma band responses (iGBR) and saccadic eye movements, a coincidence that had been observed previously (Reva and Aftanas, 2004). In the article YuvalGreenberg et al (2008) suggest that the commonly reported high frequency, transient, scalp-recorded iGBR that peaks around 200-300 ms and covers a broad frequency range (e.g., Busch et al, 2006;Gruber et al, 2002;Tallon-Baudry et al, 1996;Zion-Golumbic and Bentin, 2007) is produced by electromyographic activity relating to microsaccades, rather than the coherent activity of neural sources.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 63%

In the blink of an eye: The contribution of microsaccadic activity to the induced gamma band response

Schwartzman

Kranczioch

2011

International Journal of Psychophysiology

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“…The multiple analyses conducted utilizing ICA methods to isolate non-brain-related activities such as eye and muscle artifact from the scalp-recorded data were performed to counter this possibility (Jung et al 2000a). Given that gamma activity artifact from eye movements have been correlated with saccades (Reva and Aftanas 2004; Yuval-Greenberg and Deouell 2009) and microsaccades (Dimigen et al 2009; Yuval-Greenberg et al 2008) and that the present subjects were recorded in an eye-closed state, the probability of eye movements contributing to the gamma finding seems unlikely.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Occipital gamma activation during Vipassana meditation

2009

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Long-term Vipassana meditators sat in meditation vs. a control rest (mind-wandering) state for 21 min in a counterbalanced design with spontaneous EEG recorded. Meditation state dynamics were measured with spectral decomposition of the last 6 min of the eyes-closed silent meditation compared to control state. Meditation was associated with a decrease in frontal delta (1–4 Hz) power, especially pronounced in those participants not reporting drowsiness during meditation. Relative increase in frontal theta (4–8 Hz) power was observed during meditation, as well as significantly increased parieto-occipital gamma (35–45 Hz) power, but no other state effects were found for the theta (4–8 Hz), alpha (8–12 Hz), or beta (12–25 Hz) bands. Alpha power was sensitive to condition order, and more experienced meditators exhibited no tendency toward enhanced alpha during meditation relative to the control task. All participants tended to exhibit decreased alpha in association with reported drowsiness. Cross-experimental session occipital gamma power was the greatest in meditators with a daily practice of 10+ years, and the meditation-related gamma power increase was similarly the strongest in such advanced practitioners. The findings suggest that long-term Vipassana meditation contributes to increased occipital gamma power related to long-term meditational expertise and enhanced sensory awareness.

show abstract

The coincidence between late non-phase-locked gamma synchronization response and saccadic eye movements

Cited by 29 publications

References 30 publications

Human Microsaccade-Related Visual Brain Responses

Human Microsaccade-Related Visual Brain Responses

In the blink of an eye: The contribution of microsaccadic activity to the induced gamma band response

Occipital gamma activation during Vipassana meditation

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