The cold event 8200 years ago documented in oxygen isotope records of precipitation in Europe and Greenland

Grafenstein, Ulrich von; Erlenkeuser, Helmut; Müller, Jens Daniel; Jouzel, Jean; Johnsen, S. J.

doi:10.1007/s003820050210

Cited by 390 publications

(245 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…To investigate the response on remote locations we plotted the temperature response at the location of Ammersee in Germany (von Grafenstein et al 1998(von Grafenstein et al , 1999 and over deep-ocean sediment core MD95-2011 in the Norwegian Sea (Risebrobakken et al 2003) (Fig. 9).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A role for icebergs in the 8.2 ka climate event

Wiersma

Jongma

2009

Clim Dyn

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We investigate the potential role of icebergs in the 8.2 ka climate event, using a coupled climate model equipped with an iceberg component. First, we evaluate the effect of a large iceberg discharge originating from the decaying Laurentide ice sheet on ocean circulation, compared to a release of an identical volume of freshwater alone. Our results show that, on top of the freshwater effect, a large iceberg discharge facilitates sea-ice growth as a result of lower sea-surface temperatures induced by latent heat of melting. This causes an 8% increased sea-ice cover, 5% stronger reduction in North Atlantic Deep Water production and 1°C lower temperature in Greenland. Second, we use the model to investigate the effect of a hypothetical two-stage lake drainage, which is suggested by several investigators to have triggered the 8.2 ka climate event. To account for the final collapse of the ice-dam holding the Laurentide Lakes we accompany the secondary freshwater pulse in one scenario with a fast 5-year iceberg discharge and in a second scenario with a slow 100-year iceberg discharge. Our experiments show that a two-stage lake drainage accompanied by the collapsing ice-dam could explain the anomalies observed around the 8.2 ka climate event in various climate records. In addition, they advocate a potential role for icebergs in the 8.2 ka climate event and illustrate the importance of latent heat of melting in the simulation of climate events that involve icebergs. Our two-stage lake drainage experiments provide a framework in the discussion of two-stage lake drainage and ice sheet collapse.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The diamond marks the estimated timing of the final lake outburst at 8470 cal. ka BP (Barber et al 1999) with 1r uncertainty bars von Grafenstein et al 1998;Risebrobakken et al 2003), in order to test whether a scenario of two-stage lake drainage can explain climate anomalies around the 8.2 ka event.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A role for icebergs in the 8.2 ka climate event

Wiersma

Jongma

2009

Clim Dyn

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“…In Germany, changes in the isotope composition of ostracod valve carbonate suggest this cold event lasts for about 200 years (von Grafenstein et al 1998). Almost all data indicate that the decrease in air temperature was significantly greater in winter than in summer.…”

Section: The '82 Ka Cold Event'mentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate Change During the Holocene (Past 12,000 Years)

Борзенкова

Zorita

Borisova

et al. 2015

Regional Climate Studies

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This chapter summarises the climatic and environmental information that can be inferred from proxy archives over the past 12,000 years. The proxy archives from continental and lake sediments include pollen, insect remnants and isotopic data. Over the Holocene, the Baltic Sea area underwent major changes due to two interrelated factors-melting of the Fennoscandian ice sheet (causing interplay between global sea-level rise due to the meltwater and regional isostatic rebound of the earth's crust causing a drop in relative sea level) and changes in the orbital configuration of the Earth (triggering the glacial to interglacial transition and affecting incoming solar radiation and so controlling the regional energy balance). The Holocene climate history showed three stages of natural climate oscillations in the Baltic Sea region: short-term cold episodes related to deglaciation during a stable positive temperature trend (11,000-8000 cal year BP); a warm and stable climate with air temperature 1.0-3.5°C above modern levels (8000-4500 cal year BP), a decreasing temperature trend; and increased climatic instability (last 5000-4500 years). The climatic variation during the Lateglacial and Holocene is reflected in the changing lake levels and vegetation, and in the formation of a complex hydrographical network that set the stage for the Medieval Warm Period and the Little Ice Age of the past millennium.

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“…(1) episodes of cooler climate at 9.3-9.1 and c. 8.2 ka cal BP are indicated by Oisotope studies of speleothems from caves in Austria (Wurth et al, 2004;Boch et al, 2009) and northwest Romania (Tămaș et al, 2005), (2) negative O-isotope excursions indicative of cooling and increased precipitation are registered in sediment cores from Lake Ammersee in southern Germany at c. 9.2 ka and 8.2 ka cal BP (von Grafenstein et al, 1998(von Grafenstein et al, , 1999, (3) vegetation responses to climatic cooling have been recorded in high altitude peat bogs and lake sediments in the Swiss Alps (Tinner and Lotter, 2001;Kofler et al, 2005) at 8.2 ka cal BP and in northwest Romania at 9.3 and 8.2 ka cal BP (Feurdean, 2005), and (4) research by Magny (2004) has documented 15 episodes of higher lake level in the Alps and Jura mountains reflecting increases in annual precipitation that were broadly synchronous with RCC events recorded in Greenland ice cores, including 9550-9150, 8300-8050 and 7550-7250 cal BP (Fig. 3).…”

Section: Fig 4 About Herementioning

confidence: 98%

“…A -after Bond et al (1997); B, D, F, G -smoothed records redrawn from Rohling and Pälike (2005); E -after Siani et al (2013); C -horizontal bars represent cold phases recorded in δ 18 O records from V11 Cave, NW Romania (Tămaș et al, 2005) and Katerloch Cave, Austria (Boch et al, 2009); vertical grey bars represent higher lake-level events in the Alps-Jura region (Magny, 2004). (Wurth et al, 2004); 2 -Katerloch Cave (Boch et al, 2009); 3 -V11 Cave (Tămaș et al, 2007); 4 -Lake Ammersee (von Grafenstein et al, 1998(von Grafenstein et al, , 1999; 5 -Lake Schleinsee (Tinner and Lotter, 2001); 6 -Lake Soppensee (Tinner and Lotter, 2001); 7 -Brunnboden and Krummgampen peat bogs (Kofler et al, 2005); 8 -Preluca Tiganului and Steregoiu peat bogs (Feurdean, 2005); 9 -Alps-Jura lakes study region (Magny, 2004); 10 -Teleorman Valley (Macklin et al, 2011); 11 -Durance Valley (Miramont et al, 2001); 12 -Middle Rhône Valley (Berger et al, 2002). …”

Section: Fig 1 Mesolithic and Early Neolithic Sites In The Ironmentioning

confidence: 99%

Holocene climate change and prehistoric settlement in the lower Danube valley

Macklin

Boroneanț²,

Pickard

et al. 2015

Quaternary International

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An analysis of the summed probability distributions of 293 radiocarbon dates from Late Glacial to mid-Holocene sites in the Danubian Iron Gates highlights the existence of well-marked 14 C discontinuities at c. 9.5-9.0 ka, 8.65-8.0 ka and after 7.8 ka cal BP. These coincide with climate anomalies recorded in Greenland ice cores and palaeoclimate archives from the Danube catchment. Four possible explanations are considered: dwindling fish resources, changes in the social environment, floodinduced settlement relocations, and taphonomic effects. On present evidence, the last two factors are thought to be the most likely cause of the discontinuities observed in the Iron Gates Mesolithic-Early Neolithic radiocarbon record.

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The cold event 8200 years ago documented in oxygen isotope records of precipitation in Europe and Greenland

Cited by 390 publications

References 33 publications

A role for icebergs in the 8.2 ka climate event

A role for icebergs in the 8.2 ka climate event

Climate Change During the Holocene (Past 12,000 Years)

Holocene climate change and prehistoric settlement in the lower Danube valley

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