The Colletotrichum boninense species complex

Abstract

Although only recently described, Colletotrichum boninense is well established in literature as an anthracnose pathogen or endophyte of a diverse range of host plants worldwide. It is especially prominent on members of Amaryllidaceae, Orchidaceae, Proteaceae and Solanaceae. Reports from literature and preliminary studies using ITS sequence data indicated that C. boninense represents a species complex. A multilocus molecular phylogenetic analysis (ITS, ACT, TUB2, CHS-1, GAPDH, HIS3, CAL) of 86 strains previously identified as C. boninense and other related strains revealed 18 clades. These clades are recognised here as separate species, including C. boninense s. str., C. hippeastri, C. karstii and 12 previously undescribed species, C. annellatum, C. beeveri, C. brassicicola, C. brasiliense, C. colombiense, C. constrictum, C. cymbidiicola, C. dacrycarpi, C. novae-zelandiae, C. oncidii, C. parsonsiae and C. torulosum. Seven of the new species are only known from New Zealand, perhaps reflecting a sampling bias. The new combination C. phyllanthi was made, and C. dracaenae Petch was epitypified and the name replaced with C. petchii. Typical for species of the C. boninense species complex are the conidiogenous cells with rather prominent periclinal thickening that also sometimes extend to form a new conidiogenous locus or annellations as well as conidia that have a prominent basal scar. Many species in the C. boninense complex form teleomorphs in culture.Taxonomic novelties:New combination - Colletotrichum phyllanthi (H. Surendranath Pai) Damm, P.F. Cannon & Crous. Name replacement - C. petchii Damm, P.F. Cannon & Crous. New species - C. annellatum Damm, P.F. Cannon & Crous, C. beeveri Damm, P.F. Cannon, Crous, P.R. Johnst. & B. Weir, C. brassicicola Damm, P.F. Cannon & Crous, C. brasiliense Damm, P.F. Cannon, Crous & Massola, C. colombiense Damm, P.F. Cannon, Crous, C. constrictum Damm, P.F. Cannon, Crous, P.R. Johnst. & B. Weir, C. cymbidiicola Damm, P.F. Cannon, Crous, P.R. Johnst. & B. Weir, C. dacrycarpi Damm, P.F. Cannon, Crous, P.R. Johnst. & B. Weir, C. novae-zelandiae Damm, P.F. Cannon, Crous, P.R. Johnst. & B. Weir, C. oncidii Damm, P.F. Cannon & Crous, C. parsonsiae Damm, P.F. Cannon, Crous, P.R. Johnst. & B. Weir, C. torulosum Damm, P.F. Cannon, Crous, P.R. Johnst. & B. Weir. Typifications: Epitypifications - C. dracaenae Petch.

The rise of Ramularia from the Mycosphaerella labyrinth

“…Several studies in recent years have highlighted the need to use additional phylogenetic markers to achieve accurate species identification (e.g. Bensch et al, 2012, Damm et al, 2012a, Damm et al, 2012b, Phillips et al, 2013and Wikee et al, 2013. In general, protein-coding genes have higher species resolution power due to their variable intron sequences.…”

Colombian vanilla and its microbiota. III. Diversity and structure of the endophytic community

“…Again, taxa were recovered from both healthy and sick tissues of leaves and stems. Both complexes C. gloeosporoides and C. boninense are cited as endophytes and anthracnose-causing agents (Damm et al 2012), but they were not recorded as disease causing agents in vanilla here.…”

Revisiting the Taxonomy of <I>Colletotrichum</I> Using Multi-Locus Gene Phylogeny

“…Including C. acutatum (Damm et al, 2012b), C. boninense (Damm et al, 2012a), C. caudatum (Crouch, 2014), C. destructivum , C. gloeosporioides , C. gigasporum (Liu et al, 2014), C. graminicola (Crouch and Beirn 2009;Du et al, 2005), C. orbiculare (Damm et al, 2013) and C. truncatum (Damm et al, 2009). Hence, the combined efforts of MLST (based on the analysis of ITS, GAPDH, CHS-1, ACT, HIS3, TUB2 and CAL sequences) and morphology based taxonomy has placed 190 species of Colletotrichum under eleven species complexes (Fig.…”

“…The conidia of species in this complex are characterized with a obvious scar at base and periclinal thickening is observed in the conidiogenous cells. The periclinal thickening may sometimes extend to form a new conidiogenous cell (Damm et al, 2012a). GAPDH alone can separate all the species within this complex.…”

“…A few studies have been undertaken to decipher the etiology of the disease. Colletotrichum cymbidiicola on Cymbidium, C. oncidii on Oncidium and a species of C. boninense complex on Dendrobium (Damm et al, 2012a), C. gloeosporioides on Cymbidium sinense in China (Huang et al, 2012) and C. karstii on Phalaenopsis in USA (Jadrane et al, 2012) have been associated with the disease. Anthracnose caused by Glomerella cingulata was first reported on Vanda coerulia in India as early as 1952 (Ramakrisnan et al, 1952).…”