The Combination of Fludarabine, Cyclophosphamide, and Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor in the Treatment of Patients with Relapsed Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia and Low-Grade Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma

Rao, Ruta; Shammo, Jamile M.; Enschede, Sari H.; Porter, Carlene; Adler, Stephen; Venugopal, Parameswaran; Gregory, Stephanie A.

doi:10.3816/clm.2005.n.023

Cited by 20 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…CP is one of the most effective chemotherapeutic agents used in the treatment of cancers of breast (Levine et al, 2005;Hirano et al, 2008), lung (Sundstrom et al, 2005;Zhang et al, 2006), prostate (Nicolini et al, 2004), ovary (Donato et al, 2004), leukemia (Rao et al, 2005), lymphomas and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Significantly different from the CP-treated group using one-way ANOVA followed by the Tukey-Kramer multiple comparisons test (p50.05).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modulation of cyclophosphamide-induced early lung injury by allicin

Ashry

Gameil

Suddеk

2013

Pharmaceutical Biology

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Context: Cyclophosphamide (CP) causes lung injury in rats through its ability to generate free radicals with subsequent epithelial and endothelial cell damage. Objective: This study was conducted to assess whether allicin can ameliorate CP-induced early lung injury in rats. Materials and methods: Male Sprague Dawely rats were divided into four groups. Group I was the control group. Group II received allicin (50 mg/kg/d, p.o.) for 14 consecutive days. Group III was injected once with CP (150 mg/kg, i.p.). Group IV received allicin for seven consecutive days, before and after CP injection (150 mg/kg, i.p.). The parameters of study were serum biomarkers, lung tissue antioxidant profile and histopathological changes in lung tissue. Results: A single intraperitoneal injection of CP markedly altered the levels of several biomarkers in lung homogenates. Significant increases in lung content of lipid hydroperoxides were seen that paralleled the decreased levels of total reduced glutathione. Superoxide dismutase activity (SOD) was significantly increased. CP increased the level of serum biomarkers; total protein, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-a). Pretreatment of rats daily with oral allicin seven days prior to and seven days after CP inject significantly inhibited the development of lung injury, prevented the alterations in lung and serum biomarkers associated with inflammatory reactions, with less lipid peroxidation (LP) and restoration of antioxidants. Moreover, allicin attenuated the secretion of proinflammatory cytokine, TNF-a expression in rat serum. In addition, allicin effectively blunted CP-induced histopathological changes in lung tissue. Discussion and conclusion: Our results suggest that allicin is efficient in blunting CP-induced pulmonary damage.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modulation of cyclophosphamide-induced early lung injury by allicin

Ashry

Gameil

Suddеk

2013

Pharmaceutical Biology

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“…However, many cyclophosphamide and fludarabine combination regimens, although highly effective, exhibited severe infectious toxicities including toxic death [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. We designed a novel sequential regimen consisting of CVP (cyclophosphamide 400 mg/m 2 PO d1-5, vincristine 2 mg d1, prednisone 100 mg/m 2 d1-5) alternating with fludarabine (25 mg/m 2 IV d1-5) as induction chemotherapy for idiotype vaccination, with a goal of obtaining a higher quality of tumor debulking before vaccination.…”

Section: And Ronald Levymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Various combinations of fludarabine and cyclophosphamide have been tested in clinical trials [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. Although a high level of activity was observed in both untreated patients and patients with relapsed low-grade lymphoma, nonhematologic toxicity, especially infectious complications, hampered wide acceptance of these very effective regimens.…”

Section: And Ronald Levymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prolonged disease‐free survival and overall survival with CVP alternating with fludarabine in advanced follicular lymphoma

Kohrt

Timmerman

et al. 2011

American J Hematol

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“…It is the most widely used alkylating agent in the treatment of haematological malignancies and a variety of solid tumors (Demire et al, 1996-a,b;Rao et al, 2005). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Cyclophosphamide on the Postnatal Development of the Ovary of the Albino Rat

hassan

Zaghloul

Anwar

et al. 2011

The Egyptian Journal of Anatomy

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Background: Cyclophosphamide is the most widely used alkylating agent in the treatment of haematological malignancies. On the other hand, cyclophosphamide has adverse effects on the fertility of both sexes. Aim of the work: The present work was done to study the histological and stereological changes in the developing ovary of the albino rat after a period of treatment with cyclophosphamide and the effect of rehabilitation after stopping the drug. Materials and Methods: Thirty-six immature female rats (newborn, one week, two weeks, oneand-half month and two-and-half month) were used in this study. They were subdivided into two groups. The control group (n=24) was injected intraperitoneally with dextrose 5%. The experimental group (n= 12) at the age of two weeks, received 100mg/ kg body weight cyclophosphamide intraperitoneally once weekly for four successive weeks. At the end of the treatment period this group was subdivided into two subgroups: subgroup A (treated group) including the rats at the age of one-andhalf month and subgroup B (rehabilitated group) including the rats at the age of two-and-half month which received the same drug regimen, but sacrificed after another four weeks without treatment. The specimens of all age groups were processed and stained with Heamatoxylin and Eosin. Other specimens at the age of one-and-half month were processed for semi-thin and ultra-thin examination. In the two age groups (control and treated) morphometeric measurements were performed. Results: The study showed shrinkage with decrease in the number and the size of the antral follicles, apoptosis and disorganization in the granulosa cell layers. Ultrastucturally, the most important feature observed was the fragmentation and leakage of the cellular nuclear materials of the granulosa cells and their clumping in the antrum. Morphometeric measurements showed a very highly significant reduction in the average follicular and oocytic diameter of the antral follicles and in the number of the healthy antral follicles while there was high significant reduction in the number of atretic antral follicles. In the rehabilitated group the follicles were less affected. Oocytes were affected in both groups; they were either vacuolated or totally absent. Morphometeric measurements showed highly significant reduction of the average oocytic diameter and in the average number of the granulosa cell layers.

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The Combination of Fludarabine, Cyclophosphamide, and Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor in the Treatment of Patients with Relapsed Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia and Low-Grade Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma

Cited by 20 publications

References 14 publications

Modulation of cyclophosphamide-induced early lung injury by allicin

Modulation of cyclophosphamide-induced early lung injury by allicin

Prolonged disease‐free survival and overall survival with CVP alternating with fludarabine in advanced follicular lymphoma

Effect of Cyclophosphamide on the Postnatal Development of the Ovary of the Albino Rat

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