The combination of trailer transport and exercise increases gastrointestinal permeability and markers of systemic inflammation in horses

McGilloway, Melissa; Manley, S.; Aho, A.; Heeringa, K. N.; Lou, Yanping; Squires, E. J.; Pearson, Wendy

doi:10.1111/evj.13888

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 48 publications

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“…Yet, such behaviors are also correlated with a decreased frequency of head lowering, which may also affect tracheal inflammation. Because moderate exercise following transport increases intestinal permeability and systemic inflammation biomarkers (i.e., serum amyloid A and lipopolysaccharide) in horses, it can be hypothesized that bacterial translocation from the gastrointestinal tract to the respiratory tract could result in lower airway inflammation and/or be involved in asthma pathophysiology [84].…”

Section: Exercisementioning

confidence: 99%

The Microbiota and Equine Asthma: An Integrative View of the Gut–Lung Axis

Leduc,

Costa,

Leclère

2024

Animals

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Both microbe–microbe and host–microbe interactions can have effects beyond the local environment and influence immunological responses in remote organs such as the lungs. The crosstalk between the gut and the lungs, which is supported by complex connections and intricate pathways, is defined as the gut–lung axis. This review aimed to report on the potential role of the gut–lung gut–lung axis in the development and persistence of equine asthma. We summarized significant determinants in the development of asthma in horses and humans. The article discusses the gut–lung axis and proposes an integrative view of the relationship between gut microbiota and asthma. It also explores therapies for modulating the gut microbiota in horses with asthma. Improving our understanding of the horse gut–lung axis could lead to the development of techniques such as fecal microbiota transplants, probiotics, or prebiotics to manipulate the gut microbiota specifically for improving the management of asthma in horses.

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Section: Exercisementioning

confidence: 99%

The Microbiota and Equine Asthma: An Integrative View of the Gut–Lung Axis

Leduc,

Costa,

Leclère

2024

Animals

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Iohexol-based assessment of intestinal permeability in broilers challenged with Eimeria maxima, Clostridium perfringens or both

Calik,

Niraula,

Dong

et al. 2024

Front. Physiol.

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Impaired intestinal integrity in broilers reduces performance and health, highlighting the importance of accurately measuring intestinal permeability (IP) to maintain gut health. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of iohexol as an IP marker in broilers challenged with Eimeria maxima, Clostridium perfringens, or both during both peak challenge (day [d] 21) and recovery (d 28) periods. One-day-old male Ross 708 birds (n = 56) were distributed into 4 treatment groups: NC (no-challenge control); EM (challenged with 5,000 E. maxima sporulated oocysts/bird on d 15); CP (challenged with 1.0 × 108 CFUs/bird of C. perfringens on d 19 and d 20); and EM + CP (challenged by co-infection of E. maxima and C. perfringens as described). On d 21 and d 28, each bird received an iohexol dose of 64.7 mg/kg body weight via oral gavage. One hour later, blood samples were collected from 14 birds (12 in EM) per group on d 21 and from 7 birds (6 in EM) on d 28. For lesion scoring and ileum collection, 7 birds per group (6 birds in EM) were sampled on each d 21 and d 28. Birds in the EM and EM + CP groups had lower body weight gain (BWG) compared to the NC and CP groups on d 19–21 (P ≤ 0.05). These birds also exhibited significantly greater lesion scores and markedly higher serum iohexol levels on d 21 (P ≤ 0.05). However, no significant differences in serum iohexol levels were observed among treatment groups following recovery on d 28. Moreover, significant differentials were observed in the mRNA abundance of key tight junction proteins (CLDN1, CLDN2, and ZO3), pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IFNγ, and IL-22), and gut health markers (GLP2, OLFM4, and MUC2) in the EM and EM + CP groups compared to the NC and CP groups on d 21. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that iohexol is an effective marker for assessing IP in broilers under different enteric challenge conditions.

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Dietary Fermentation Product of Aspergillus Oryzae Prevents Increases in Gastrointestinal Permeability (‘Leaky Gut’) in Horses Undergoing Combined Transport and Exercise

McGilloway

Manley

Aho

et al. 2023

Animals

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Equine leaky gut syndrome is characterized by gastrointestinal hyperpermeability and may be associated with adverse health effects in horses. The purpose was to evaluate the effects of a prebiotic Aspergillus oryzae product (SUPP) on stress-induced gastrointestinal hyperpermeability. Eight horses received a diet containing SUPP (0.02 g/kg BW) or an unsupplemented diet (CO) (n = 4 per group) for 28 days. On Days 0 and 28, horses were intubated with an indigestible marker of gastrointestinal permeability (iohexol). Half the horses from each feeding group underwent 60 min of transport by trailer immediately followed by a moderate-intensity exercise bout of 30 min (EX), and the remaining horses stayed in stalls as controls (SED). Blood was sampled before iohexol, immediately after trailering, and at 0, 1, 2, 4, and 8 h post-exercise. At the end of the feeding period, horses were washed out for 28 days before being assigned to the opposite feeding group, and the study was replicated. Blood was analyzed for iohexol (HPLC), lipopolysaccharide (ELISA), and serum amyloid A (latex agglutination assay). Data were analyzed using three-way and two-way ANOVA. On Day 0, the combined challenge of trailer transport and exercise significantly increased plasma iohexol in both feeding groups; this increase was not seen in SED horses. On Day 28, EX increased plasma iohexol only in the CO feeding group; this increase was completely prevented by the provision of SUPP. It is concluded that combined transport and exercise induce gastrointestinal hyperpermeability. Dietary SUPP prevents this and therefore may be a useful prophylactic for pathologies associated with gastrointestinal hyperpermeability in horses.

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The combination of trailer transport and exercise increases gastrointestinal permeability and markers of systemic inflammation in horses

Cited by 3 publications

References 48 publications

The Microbiota and Equine Asthma: An Integrative View of the Gut–Lung Axis

The Microbiota and Equine Asthma: An Integrative View of the Gut–Lung Axis

Iohexol-based assessment of intestinal permeability in broilers challenged with Eimeria maxima, Clostridium perfringens or both

Dietary Fermentation Product of Aspergillus Oryzae Prevents Increases in Gastrointestinal Permeability (‘Leaky Gut’) in Horses Undergoing Combined Transport and Exercise

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