The Combined Effects of Excessive Consumption of 
 Ginger, Clove, Red Pepper and Black Pepper on the Histology of the Liver

Nwaopara, AO; Odike, M.A.C.; Inegbenebor, Ute; Adoye, M.I.

doi:10.3923/pjn.2007.524.527

Cited by 32 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…It has been proved that MSG induces oxidative stress in different organs, including the pancreas [26], liver [27], kidney [28], and thymus [29][30][31]. Previous studies has also suggested that glutamateinduced toxicity could be mediated via necrosis and apoptosis [32].…”

Section: Blood and Tissue Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Monosodium Glutamate on Thymic and Splenic Immune Functions and Role of Recovery (Biochemical and Histological study)

Hassan¹

2014

J Cytol Histol

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Citation: Hassan ZA, Arafa MH, Soliman WI, Atteia HH, Al-Saeed HF (2014) The Effects of Monosodium Glutamate on Thymic and Splenic Immune Functions and Role of Recovery (Biochemical and Histological study). AbstractMonosodium glutamate (MSG), a flavor enhancer, is used in modern nutrition to improve food palatability.The objectives of the current study were to investigate the effect of MSG on thymus as well as spleen structures and functions. Also, to evaluate the possibility of recovery after cessation of administration. Adult male rats were divided into three groups: control, MSG (3 g MSG/kg body weight daily for 8 weeks by oral gavages), and Recovery (MSG for same period and then left untreated for additional 4 weeks). The results showed that MSG treatments significantly increased serum interleukin (IL)-1β as well as thymic and splenic malondialdehyde and decreased serum levels of IL-10 and also reduced glutathione (GSH) levels and both catalase and superoxide dismutase activities in the thymus and spleen. Histological examination showed that MSG induced a remarkable disruption in the lobular architecture of the thymus with marked decrease of the T lymphocytes with darkly stained nuclei and dilated blood sinusoid in the cortical region. Medullary region were enlarged and repopulated with small lymphocytes and dilated blood sinusoids. The cortical-medullary differentiation was difficult to be determined. Small sized splenic lymphatic follicles with absence of germinal centers and large congested blood vessels were also noticed. The differentiation between the red and the white pulps was indistinct. Recovery groups showed preserved thymic lobular architecture with repopulation of the cortical thymocytes enclosing the paler staining medulla .Splenic lymphatic follicles of different sizes with absence of germinal centers were noticed. Marginal zone is differentiated from the red pulp. Immunohistochemical staining of MSG group demonstrated a marked decrease in CD3-positive T-lymphocytes in both thymus and spleen that significantly increased in recovery group. Taken together, the data showed that MSG consumption may have immunotoxic effects on the thymus and spleen of adult rats which is reversible but the normal structure of the spleen would need time to be regained. It is recommended that further studies aimed at corroborating these findings be carried out.

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Section: Blood and Tissue Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Monosodium Glutamate on Thymic and Splenic Immune Functions and Role of Recovery (Biochemical and Histological study)

Hassan¹

2014

J Cytol Histol

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“…In Latin and Central America, Asia, and Africa, it is common for red pepper to be used to increase the spice level of food [11]; however, it is well-known to be troublesome if consumed in excess [12,13]. Red pepper has many pharmacological and chemical properties like that of drugs’ classes which are capable of tissue deterioration inducing [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth, Carcass Traits, Blood Hematology, Serum Metabolites, Immunity, and Oxidative Indices of Growing Rabbits Fed Diets Supplemented with Red or Black Pepper Oils

Abdelnour

Alagawany

El‐Hack

et al. 2018

Animals

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Simple SummaryAfter the ban on antibiotics as growth promoters in poultry and animal diets, nutritionists had to find safe and efficient alternatives. Because of their beneficial properties, the oils of red and black pepper were chosen to be supplemented to rabbit diets. Promising results were obtained with regard to the ability of these oils to improve rabbits’ growth performance, immunity, and antioxidant status.AbstractThe present study aimed to examine the impacts of the supplementation of red or black pepper oils to rabbit diet as growth promoters on New Zealand white (NZW) rabbits. One hundred and forty weaned NZW rabbits were divided randomly into seven groups in a completely randomized experiment using different quantities of red pepper oil (RPO; 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 g/kg diet) or black pepper oil (BPO; 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 g/kg diet), in addition to the control group. Compared to the control, values of live body weight (LBW) for rabbits fed either RPO or BPO enriched diets were greater. The concentrations of serum triglycerides and cholesterol were lower (p < 0.01) in the RPO- and BPO-treated groups than in the control. Immunity parameters and antioxidant indices were improved in treated groups in comparison to the control. Dietary RPO or BPO can affect some growth traits, improve immunity parameters and the antioxidant activity, and decrease the lipid profile and lipid peroxidation. The use of 0.5 g RPO/kg diet as a dietary supplement had a larger effect on growth parameters than the other treatment groups.

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“…Previous scientific investigations aimed at determining the effect of MSG on body organs (Nwaopara et al, 2004;2007a, b;2008a, b). There are some reports of the toxic effects of MSG on the pancreas (Nwaopara et al, 2004), liver (Nwaopara et al, 2007b) and kidney (Nwaopara et al, 2008 a). The aim of the present study was to go more into the toxic effects of MSG administration on the histopathological changes in spleen of albino rats and to determine possibility of reversibility of these effects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monosodium Glutamate Toxic Effect on Spleen Structure and Potentiality of Recovery in Adult Albino Rats

Ebaid

Tag

2012

Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology

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Histological effects of Monosodium glutamate (MSG) commonly used as food additive on the spleen of adult Wistar rats were carefully studied. The rats (n=30), average weight of 115 gm were randomly assigned into four treatments (n=6) and control (n=6) groups. The rats in the treatment groups received 4 mg/kg IP of MSG for fourteen days, while the control group receives the same volume of distilled water intraperitoneally. The rats were sacrificed after the last day of injection (group 1) and on 14 (group 2), 28 (group 3) and 42 day (group 4) after cessation of the treatment with MSG. The spleen was carefully dissected out and quickly fixed in 10% buffered formaldehyde for routine histological study after H&E method. The histological findings after H&E methods for group 1 indicated that the treated sections of the spleen showed atrophy of the while pulp, germinate centers were missing and red pulp of the spleen showed aplasia. The treatment (Group 2) showed vacuolation of some splenic cells with decreased cellularity, and sinusoidal spaces were large. Animals of group 3 showed slight atrophy in the white pulp and aplasia of red pulp where it began to retain normal structure. In the animals sacrificed at the end of the experimental period, the spleen retained its normal structure. These findings indicate that MSG consumption may have some deleterious effects on the spleen of adult Wistar rats which is reversible and does not lead to permanent damage but the normal structure of the spleen would need a long time to be regained. It is recommended that further studies aimed at corroborating these findings be carried out.

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The Combined Effects of Excessive Consumption of Ginger, Clove, Red Pepper and Black Pepper on the Histology of the Liver

Cited by 32 publications

References 13 publications

The Effects of Monosodium Glutamate on Thymic and Splenic Immune Functions and Role of Recovery (Biochemical and Histological study)

The Effects of Monosodium Glutamate on Thymic and Splenic Immune Functions and Role of Recovery (Biochemical and Histological study)

Growth, Carcass Traits, Blood Hematology, Serum Metabolites, Immunity, and Oxidative Indices of Growing Rabbits Fed Diets Supplemented with Red or Black Pepper Oils

Monosodium Glutamate Toxic Effect on Spleen Structure and Potentiality of Recovery in Adult Albino Rats

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