The Combined Use of Gold Nanoparticles and Infrared Radiation Enables Cytosolic Protein Delivery

Garcia, Josep; Fernández-Pradas, J.M.; Lladó, Anna; Serra, P.; Zalvidea, Dobryna; Kogan, Marcelo J.; Giralt, Ernest; Sánchez‐Navarro, Macarena

doi:10.1002/chem.202005000

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…GNPs are attractive delivery vehicles due to their chemical inertness and excellent biocompatibility. The easy surface modification of GNPs, usually mediated through sulfur‐gold interactions, provides a flexible platform to deliver a broad range of therapeutic ingredients, including small organic molecules, 64 polymers, 65 and biomacromolecules such as proteins 66,67 and nucleic acids 68‐70 . These unique physiochemical and biological features make GNPs suitable for immune‐target delivery in a controlled‐release manner.…”

Section: Deliverymentioning

confidence: 99%

Green synthesis of gold nanoparticles for immune response regulation: Mechanisms, applications, and perspectives

Cai

Huang

et al. 2021

J Biomedical Materials Res

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Immune responses are involved in the pathogenesis of many diseases, including cancer, autoimmune diseases, and chronic inflammation. These responses are attributed to immune cells that produce cytokines, mediate cytotoxicity, and synthesize antibodies. Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) are novel agents that intervene with immune responses because of their unique physical‐chemical properties. In particular, GNPs enhance anti‐tumour activity during immunotherapy and eliminate excessive inflammation in autoimmune diseases. However, GNPs synthesized by conventional methods are toxic to living organisms. Green biosynthesis provides a safe and eco‐friendly method to obtain GNPs from microbes or plant extracts. In this review, we describe several patterns for green GNP biosynthesis. The applications of GNPs to target immune cells and modulate the immune response are summarized. In particular, we elaborate on how GNPs regulate innate immunity and adaptive immunity, including inflammatory signaling and immune cell differentiation. Finally, perspectives and challenges in utilizing green biosynthesized GNPs for novel therapeutic approaches are discussed.

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Section: Deliverymentioning

confidence: 99%

Green synthesis of gold nanoparticles for immune response regulation: Mechanisms, applications, and perspectives

Cai

Huang

et al. 2021

J Biomedical Materials Res

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“…Therefore, we functionalized the BSA protein with r 8 to facilitate cell penetration of the AuNPs. Previous studies have shown that the use of arginine-rich CPPs increases cell penetration of the nanocarriers, opening the possibility for the improved cell internalization of AuNPs [ 51 , 57 , 58 , 59 ]. In particular, r 8 has been covalently linked to several molecules and nanosystems, such as insulin [ 60 ] liposomes, [ 61 ] quantum dots, [ 62 ] and gold nanorods, [ 49 , 58 ] improving their uptake and cell penetration in target sites.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies have shown that the use of arginine-rich CPPs increases cell penetration of the nanocarriers, opening the possibility for the improved cell internalization of AuNPs [ 51 , 57 , 58 , 59 ]. In particular, r 8 has been covalently linked to several molecules and nanosystems, such as insulin [ 60 ] liposomes, [ 61 ] quantum dots, [ 62 ] and gold nanorods, [ 49 , 58 ] improving their uptake and cell penetration in target sites. Nevertheless, coating AuNRs and AuNPrs (with absorption in the first biological window) with BSA, functionalized with r 8 for cell internalization, has not been reported yet.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oligoarginine Peptide Conjugated to BSA Improves Cell Penetration of Gold Nanorods and Nanoprisms for Biomedical Applications

et al. 2021

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Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have been shown to be outstanding tools for drug delivery and biomedical applications, mainly owing to their colloidal stability, surface chemistry, and photothermal properties. The biocompatibility and stability of nanoparticles can be improved by capping the nanoparticles with endogenous proteins, such as albumin. Notably, protein coating of nanoparticles can interfere with and decrease their cell penetration. Therefore, in the present study, we functionalized albumin with the r8 peptide (All-D, octaarginine) and used it for coating NIR-plasmonic anisotropic gold nanoparticles. Gold nanoprisms (AuNPrs) and gold nanorods (AuNRs) were coated with bovine serum albumin (BSA) previously functionalized using a cell penetrating peptide (CPP) with the r8 sequence (BSA-r8). The effect of the coated and r8-functionalized AuNPs on HeLa cell viability was assessed by the MTS assay, showing a low effect on cell viability after BSA coating. Moreover, the internalization of the nanostructures into HeLa cells was assessed by confocal microscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). As a result, both nanoconstructs showed an improved internalization level after being capped with BSA-r8, in contrast to the BSA-functionalized control, suggesting the predominant role of CPP functionalization in cell internalization. Thus, our results validate both novel nanoconstructs as potential candidates to be coated by endogenous proteins and functionalized with a CPP to optimize cell internalization. In a further approach, coating AuNPs with CPP-functionalized BSA can broaden the possibilities for biomedical applications by combining their optical properties, biocompatibility, and cell-penetration abilities.

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“…Highly stable AuNPs can be produced in different shapes and sizes, and they can be conjugated with different types of molecules, including drugs, proteins, nucleic acids, antibodies, enzymes and fluorescent dyes. Hence, AuNPs can be used for the targeted delivery of therapeutic agents such as drugs [4][5][6][7][8][9], proteins [10][11][12] and genes [13][14][15][16]. AuNPs possess unique electronic and optical properties, including the phenomenon of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) [17][18][19][20][21][22] which results from the interaction between an electromagnetic wave and conduction of electrons the metal.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Untitled

2021

Biomed. Lett.

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Aqueous extract of the plant Tribulus terrestris was used to reduce chloroauric acid for synthesizing gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). In this green synthesis, the reaction proceeded to give a red/purple color that was monitored by UV-vis spectrophotometry, where the formed AuNPs had an absorption band with max of 550 nm. In terms of the highest absorbance at 550 nm, reaction conditions were optimized at a temperature of 75 °C, at pH 7 and using a reaction time of 4 h. The integrity of the synthesized AuNPs was confirmed and their physical properties were characterized by Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), which also showed evidence that plant metabolites contributed to capping or stabilization of the AuNPs. XRD spectra suggested a particle size of around 40 nm and SEM images revealed spherical and relatively uniform and disperse particles with a size of less than 0.1 m. In a broth microdilution assay, the AuNPs showed inhibitory effects against Gram-negative Escherichia coli, but not against Gram-positive Enterococcus faecalis. The AuNPs showed no hemagglutination activity or cytotoxic activity against human blood cells, which is important for them to be explored as therapeutic antibacterial agents.

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The Combined Use of Gold Nanoparticles and Infrared Radiation Enables Cytosolic Protein Delivery

Cited by 8 publications

References 53 publications

Green synthesis of gold nanoparticles for immune response regulation: Mechanisms, applications, and perspectives

Green synthesis of gold nanoparticles for immune response regulation: Mechanisms, applications, and perspectives

Oligoarginine Peptide Conjugated to BSA Improves Cell Penetration of Gold Nanorods and Nanoprisms for Biomedical Applications

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