The Comet Assay: A Versatile Tool for Assessing DNA Damage

Bajpayee, Mahima; Kumar, Ashutosh; Dhawan, Alok

doi:10.1039/9781782622895-00001

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 351 publications

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“…The amount of DNA visible in the comet tail under fluorescence microscopy provides an estimate of the extent of damage in a cell ( Azqueta & Collins, 2013 ). DNA damage has been reported to affect enzyme functioning and impair the immune system and metabolism of invertebrates, resulting in growth, development, and fitness alterations ( Bajpayee, Kumar & Dhawan, 2017 ; Buschini et al, 2003 ). Genetic alterations can also lead to mutations and cell proliferations ( Mussali-Galante et al, 2014 ; Simonyan et al, 2016 ), and inherited teratogenic defects, leading to decreased fitness in populations ( Bachère et al, 2017 ; De Flora, Bagnasco & Zanacchi, 1991 ; Osman, 2014 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the ecotoxicity of urban estuarine sediment using benthic and pelagic copepod bioassays

Charry

Keesing²,

Costello

et al. 2018

PeerJ

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Urban estuarine sediments are sinks to a range of contaminants of anthropogenic origin, and a key challenge is to characterize the risk of these compounds to receiving environments. In this study, the toxicity of urban estuarine sediments was tested using acute and chronic bioassays in the benthic harpacticoid Quinquelaophonte sp., and in the planktonic calanoid Gladioferens pectinatus, two New Zealand copepod species. The sediment samples from the estuary tributary sites significantly impacted reproduction in Quinquelaophonte sp. However, results from one of the estuary sites were not significantly different to those from the tributaries sites, suggesting that chemicals other than trace metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and ammonia may be the causative stressors. Sediment elutriate samples had significant effects on reproductive endpoints in G. pectinatus, and on the induction of DNA damage in cells, as shown by the comet assay. The results indicate that sediment contamination at the Ahuriri Estuary has the potential to impact biological processes of benthic and pelagic organisms. The approach used provides a standardized methodology to assess the toxicity of estuarine sediments.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the ecotoxicity of urban estuarine sediment using benthic and pelagic copepod bioassays

Charry

Keesing²,

Costello

et al. 2018

PeerJ

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“…Assessment of the DNA damage level in the lymphocytes of the rats of group IV was performed using the cell gel electrophoresis (DNA Comet Assay) [ 21 ]. The suspension of lymphocytes (1–2×10 5 cells/ml) was mixed with 1% low melting point (LMP) agarose (Sigma-Aldrich) at 37 °C, after which 75 μl of this mixture was distributed on agarose-pretreated with 1% agarose with normal melting point (Sigma-Aldrich).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure and biological activity of particles produced from highly activated carbon adsorbent

Sarnatskaya

Shlapa²,

Lykhova

et al. 2022

Heliyon

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“…The assay can be performed on a variety of different cells, from plants (from lower to higher plants) and animals (invertebrates and vertebrates), both in vitro and in vivo, allowing a wide range of applications from biomonitoring to ecotoxicology, as well discussed elsewhere (de Lapuente et al, 2015; Dhawan & Anderson, 2009; Gajski et al, 2019a, 2019b; Møller, 2018). In addition, this test provides an early indication of the genotoxic potential of substances, mixtures or environmental conditions, which could be used as valuable predictive data for the increased risk of generation of stable mutations in plants and animals (Bajpayee et al, 2016; Cordelli et al, 2021) and even for the comprehension of the pathogenesis and progression of several human diseases (Vidya et al, 2015). For these reasons, several agencies (Baird et al, 2018; Eastmond et al, 2009; EMA, 2012; OECD, 2016) have accepted and included the comet assay as a powerful tool in compound screening batteries, particularly with regard to the in vivo application of the test.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A scoping review of recent advances in the application of comet assay to Allium cepa roots

Alias

Zerbini

Feretti

2023

Environ and Mol Mutagen

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The comet assay is a sensitive method for the evaluation of DNA damages and DNA repair capacity at single‐cell level. Allium cepa is a well‐established plant model for toxicological studies. The aim of this scoping review was to investigate the recent application of the comet assay in Allium cepa root cells to assess the genotoxicity. To explore the literature a search was performed selecting articles published between January 2015 and February 2023 from Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus databases using the combined search terms “Comet assay” and “Allium cepa”. All the original articles that applied the comet assay to Allium cepa root cells were included. Of the 334 records initially found, 79 articles were identified as meeting the inclusion criteria. Some studies reported results for two or more toxicants. In these cases, the data for each toxicant were treated separately. Thus, the number of analyzed toxicants (such as chemicals, new materials, and environmental matrices) was higher than the number of selected papers and reached 90. The current use of the Allium‐comet assay seems to be directed towards two types of approach: the direct study of the genotoxicity of compounds, mainly biocides (20% of analyzed compounds) and nano‐ and microparticles (17%), and assessing a treatment's ability to reduce or eliminate genotoxicity of known genotoxicants (19%). Although the genotoxicity identified by the Allium‐comet assay is only one piece of a larger puzzle, this method could be considered a useful tool for screening the genotoxic potential of compounds released into the environment.

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The Comet Assay: A Versatile Tool for Assessing DNA Damage

Cited by 9 publications

References 351 publications

Assessment of the ecotoxicity of urban estuarine sediment using benthic and pelagic copepod bioassays

Assessment of the ecotoxicity of urban estuarine sediment using benthic and pelagic copepod bioassays

Structure and biological activity of particles produced from highly activated carbon adsorbent

A scoping review of recent advances in the application of comet assay to Allium cepa roots

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