The commercialization of government-sponsored technologies: Canadian evidence

Supapol, Atipol Bhanich

doi:10.1016/0048-7333(90)90020-7

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…This scenario is observed in several studies of government agencies sponsoring R&D programs (Gates, 1988;MacDonald, 1986) and across a variety of institutional settings including large national laboratories (Bozeman & Fellows, 1988;Brown, Berry, & Goel, 1991), state projects (Burton, 1989;Forrer, 1989;Lambright & Teich, 1989;Wycoff & Tomatzky, 1988), and intemational projects (MacDonald, 1986;Supapol, 1990). It also has been observed in different types of projects ranging from demonstrations (Magill & Rogers, 1981) to applied research (Baer et al, 1976;Brown, 1990).…”

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confidence: 84%

“…Absorption projects can pose a problem for state agencies. As a general mle, outcomes from R&D projects are poorly identified (Supapol, 1990;Zhao & Reisman, 1992).^ Measures of project outcomes often are limited to nominal classifications (Kingsley, 1993;Supapol, 1990), which frequently lump absorption outcomes and transfers of technology together. Evaluations often count adoption of a technology by a project participant as one transfer, qualitatively linking adoption from any source.…”

Section: Technology Absorption As An Randd Project Impactmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Using Technology Absorption as an Evaluation Criterion: Case Studies from a State Research and Development Program

Kingsley

Farmer

1997

Policy Studies Journal

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State agencies sponsoring local research and development projects often finance the development of technologies in partnership with other organizations. These contracting partners develop and demonstrate the new technology. This study distinguishes between two types of outcomes from such projects. Technology absorption is the adoption of a technology by an organization participating in the project. Technology transfer is the process by which outcomes are adopted by organizations outside the project (i.e., nonparticipants). From an evaluation perspective, research and development projects that result in the absorption of technology, without any subsequent transfer, are difficult to assess. Often these outcomes are counted the same as a transfer even though the process is subsidized by the state. Three case studies of absorption outcomes are presented. Absorption projects tend to be distinctive because: (a) they develop technologies that are very large in scale and very complex; (b) project leadership typically is provided by an end‐user who attempts to employ the technology for commercial purposes; (c) success is measured through the technological accomplishment and ongoing commercial venture rather than by the number of adopting organizations; and (d) they produce spillover benefits in the cohesion of the social networks formed among project participants.

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confidence: 84%

Section: Technology Absorption As An Randd Project Impactmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Technology Absorption as an Evaluation Criterion: Case Studies from a State Research and Development Program

Kingsley

Farmer

1997

Policy Studies Journal

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“…The term "spin-off' is also often used to refer to any commercialization of a government-funded R&D project (e.g., Chiang, 1991;Hackman and Howard, 1989;Herdan, 1987;Luchsinger and Van Blois, 1989;Supapol, 1990;U. S. Department of Defense, 1989).…”

Section: Spin-off Technologies: a Definition And Classifica Tionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Temporal Dimension of R&D Evaluation: Incorporating Spin-Off Benefits

Brown

Wilson

1993

Evaluating R&D Impacts: Methods and Practice

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“…Governments are badly equipped to manage the process of technological innovation up to the phase of market introduction. This is true even for commercialization of technologies arising from research performed under government contracts not aimed at reaching specific societal goals but aimed at stimulating areas like information technology and biotechnology (Supapol 1990). The study of technology dynamics clearly illustrates the reason for this.…”

Section: The Development Ofalternative Variationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Constructive Technology Assessment and Technology Dynamics: The Case of Clean Technologies

Schot

1992

Science, Technology, & Human Values

163

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A synthesis of neo-Schumpeterian evolutionary, sociological, and historical coevolution ary models could be used for constructive technology assessment, aimed at the active management of the process of technological change. This article proposes a synthetic quasi-evolutionary model, in which variation and selection are neither independent nor coincidental processes. Variation and selection are linked by actors, resulting in the actor role labeled technological nexus. On the basis of the quasi-evolutionary approach, three constructive technology assessment strategies are proposed: stimulating alternative variations, changing the selection environment, and creating or utilizing technological nexus. The usefulness of these concepts is demonstrated for the case of clean technolo gies. Ultimately, a conscious application of these strategies could result in a new actor role for government as a creative social regulator of technological change.

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The commercialization of government-sponsored technologies: Canadian evidence

Cited by 11 publications

References 24 publications

Using Technology Absorption as an Evaluation Criterion: Case Studies from a State Research and Development Program

Using Technology Absorption as an Evaluation Criterion: Case Studies from a State Research and Development Program

The Temporal Dimension of R&D Evaluation: Incorporating Spin-Off Benefits

Constructive Technology Assessment and Technology Dynamics: The Case of Clean Technologies

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