The community structure of macroscopic basidiomycetes (Fungi) in Brazilian mangroves influenced by temporal and spatial variations

Abstract

<p>Mangroves are transitional ecosystems between terrestrial and marine environments, and are distinguished by a high abundance of animals, plants, and fungi. Although macrofungi occur in different types of habitat, including mangroves, little is known about their community structure and dynamic. Therefore the aim of this study was to analyze the diversity of macrofungi in a number of Brazilian mangroves, and the relationship between such diversity, precipitation and area of collection. A total of 32 field trips were undertaken from 2009 to 2010, and macrofungi were studied in four 250×40m transects: Timbó and Santa Cruz Channel on the Northern coast, and Maracaípe and Ariquindá on the Southern coast. All basidiomata found along the transects were placed in paper bags, air-dried and identified using existing literature. It was found that Northern areas predominantly featured <em>Avicennia schaueriana</em> mangroves, while <em>Rhizophora mangle</em> dominated in Southern transects. A total of 275 specimens were collected, and 33 species, 28 genera, 14 families and six orders were represented. Overall abundance and species richness did not vary significantly among areas, but varied according to time, being higher during the rainy season. Subtle differences in composition were observed over time and between areas, probably due to variations in plant species occurrence. Further studies with collections during months of greater precipitation in transects dominated by different mangrove species of the same ecosystem are suggested to assess the overall diversity of mycobiota in these ecosystems.</p><p> </p>

Diversity of fungi from mangrove sediments of Goa, India, obtained by metagenomic analysis using Illumina sequencing

“…Other sequences which could not be resolved taxonomically were grouped under unassigned phyla, the latter constituting 9.64% and 8.1% in A and B, respectively. Our findings corroborate earlier findings on mangrove sediments of Goa and others which showed these phyla as the major identified phyla (Verma et al 2010;Nazareth et al 2012;Nogueira-Melo et al 2014;Bicholkar and Nazareth 2015). It is noteworthy to mention that these groups of fungi, isolated from mangroves of Goa, have been reported to be potent candidates used for bioremediation due to their ability of producing laccase (Verma et al 2010) and metal sorption and removal from solution (Gazem and Nazareth 2012Nazareth et al 2012Bicholkar and Nazareth 2015).…”

Cellulolytic and lipolytic fungi isolated from soil and leaf litter samples from the Cerrado (Brazilian Savanna)

“…In Brazilian savanna soils, they correspond to at least 49 % of total fungi in riverbank forests and 61.2 % in soils, with percentages increasing when this soil is converted to pasture or to soybean culture (Castro et al, 2008). Ascomycota as well as Basidiomycota strains are influenced by dry and rainy seasons (Nogueira-Melo, Santos, & Gibertoni, 2014). The abundance of Basidiomycota, however, can be higher in gallery forest soil during the dry season, when organic matter increases (Castro et al, 2016).…”

Host-exclusivity and host-recurrence by wood decay fungi (Basidiomycota - Agaricomycetes) in Brazilian mangroves

“…Species abundance values were represented by the number of occurrence of specimens/individuals on each substrate; one specimen/individual may be represented by several basidiomata (Nogueira-Melo et al 2014). For the analysis, we considered the species with more than five specimens to reduce error type II probability.…”

“…In Brazil, some studies about lignolytic Agaricomycetes in mangroves were published (Sotão et al 1991;Almeida Filho et al 1993;Gugliotta & Capelari 1995;Campos and Cavalcanti 2000;Campos et al 2003;Baltazar et al 2009;Nogueira-Melo et al 2014). However, none of them provided information about the interactions between fungi and mangrove plants.…”