The Comparative Analysis of Blood Cell Morphology and Its Biochemical Features in Rabbits With Chronic Opisthorchiasis

Abstract

There are many preconditions for changes in erythropoiesis and leukopoiesis, changes in biochemical parameters of blood, hemostatic system in animals and humans under conditions of opisthorchiasis invasion. The purpose of the study was to analyze morphological and biochemical changes in the blood system in chronic opisthorchiasis using an experimental model of Oryctolagus cuniculus. The experiment was carried out on rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) with modeling of chronic opisthorchiasis. The invasive dose was 50 Opisthorchis felineus metacercariae. The animals were divided into a control group (n=10) and an observation group (n=10). The morphological blood picture wich was studied by the standard method was compared with the previously obtained results of its biochemical analysis for the content of lactate dehydrogenase, muscle creatine kinase, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase and uric acid. It was established that 1,5 years after infection of rabbits in the observation group, structural heteromorphism of leukocytes is manifested. Pseudo-eosinophils had toxic granularity in the cytoplasm. In 19,5% of pseudoeosinophils, both stab and segmented, vacuolization of the cytoplasm was noted. A significant number of forms of lympholysis (shadows of Botkin-Gumprecht-Klein) was found – 9,6% per 100 leukocytes. In the study of erythrocytes, the presence of poikilocytosis was established; the most common were acanthocytes, dacryocytes. In rabbits of the control group and the observation group, the differences in blood pH are non-significant. Microscopic observation in a thick blood drop revealed that in the control group erythrocytes in vitro retained passive mobility for 59,8±15,2 seconds, in the observation group this figure was 42,6±7,5 seconds, erythrocytes formed aggregates. The blood clotting time in the control group is 101,9±32,1 seconds, and in the observation group – 194,8±35,2 seconds, the differences are significant. A change in the tinctorial properties of the platelet chromomere was noted. Thus, in rabbits with experimentally induced chronic opisthorchiasis, morphological changes in blood cells are observed, a decrease in the activity of the coagulation system with associated changes in its biochemical parameters, which contributes to a more detailed understanding of the pathogenetic mechanisms of changes in the blood system in chronic opisthorchiasis.