The comparative effectiveness of pairing aversive imagery with relaxation, neutral tasks and muscular tension in reducing snake phobia

Nawas, M. Mike; Welsch, William V.; Fishman, Steven T.

doi:10.1016/0005-7967(70)90036-7

Cited by 25 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…A number of anxiety treatments stress the importance of relaxation. Although there has been considerable debate about the necessity of relaxation per se in psychotherapy (Nawas, Welch, & Fishman, 1970;Rachman, 1968;Stampfl & Levis, 1968;Sue, 1972), most evidence indicates that relaxation is helpful if not absolutely essential, and is especially important with severe, acute cases (Budzynski & Stoyva, 1972;Farmer & Wright, 1971;Lader & Mathews, 1968;Paul, 1969).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of various forms of relaxation training on physiological and self-report measures of relaxation.

Reinking¹,

Kohl²

1975

Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology

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This study examined the relative effectiveness of four types of relaxation training using electromyograph (EMG) and self-report measures of relaxation as dependent measures. The four experimental groups were (a) classic Jacobson-Wolpe instructions, (b) EMG feedback, (c) EMG feedback plus Jaco'bson-Wolpe instructions, and (d) EMG feedback plus a monetary reward. These groups were compared with each other and a no-treatment control group over 3 baseline and 12 training periods. Air groups reported increased relaxation, but EMG measures showed that in speed of learning and depth of relaxation the EMG groups were superior to the Jacobson-Wolpe group, and the control group did not master relaxation at all.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of various forms of relaxation training on physiological and self-report measures of relaxation.

Reinking¹,

Kohl²

1975

Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology

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“…The original explanation for the efficacy of the desensitization procedure was that a new conditioned response of relaxation supplanted the prior conditioned response of anxiety upon presentation of the feared object (the conditioned stimulus). Empirical research indicates relaxing the client before presenting the hierarchy is not requisite to the procedure's effectiveness (Miller & Nawas, 1970;Nawas, Welsch, & Fishman, 1970). This information gainsays the conditioning explanation of the efficacy of the desensitization procedure.…”

Section: The Availability Heuristicmentioning

confidence: 96%

The Influence of Self-Concept on Change in Client Behaviors: A Review

Littrell

Magel

1991

Research on Social Work Practice

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Social workers are constantly seeking useful data regarding methods of behavior change. Changes in self-concept can mediate changes in overt behavior. Self-concept has been reawakened as a focus of empirical research. Several literatures (self-perception theory, cognitive dissonance theory, and the availability heuristic literature) suggest ways of changing the self-concept. This article reviews existing literature and discusses the guidelines for changing self-concept that derive from empirical research in the previously mentioned literatures. The manner in which these guidelines explain the success of particular intervention techniques is delineated. Suggestions for new social work practice interventions are proffered, as are examples from the authors'practice experience.Clinical social workers are confronted by a diverse variety of approaches to the task of assisting in the process of changing clients' behavior. Each school of therapy has developed a set of interventions to add to the clinician's armamentarium of techniques. The social work clinician is faced with the responsibility of selecting among available techniques, those that will be most likely to achieve success. Sometimes evidence of the efficacy of a particular technique or program of intervention (e.g., assertiveness training) is available. When outcome data exist, the process of selecting a strategy of intervention is made easier. However, even when the social worker employs a validated strategy, an explanation as to why the proven techniques actually work is often not available. Without knowing why a procedure works, the social worker will have difficulty extrapolating to unique situations.Fortunately, empirically validated generalizations regarding human behavior are emerging. These generalizations, empirically supported axioms

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“…Though live relaxation may produce greater muscular relaxation than taped relaxation, it is not clear from McGlynn's statement how this finding affects the outcome data generated by descnsitization analogue studies. A substantial number of studies have, used the taped relaxation method in live and/or automated (including self-directed) dcsensitization procedures (e.g., Jiaker, Cohen, & Saunders, 1973;Frceling & Shemberg, 1970;Kahn & Baker, 1968;Kennedy & Kimura, L974;Kimura, Kennedy, & Rhodes, 1972;McGlynn, 1972;McGlynn & Mapp, 1970;McGlynn et al, 1971a, 19711); McGlynn & Williams, 1970;McGlynn, Williamson, & Davis, 1973;Miller & Nawas, 1970;Navvas, Fishman, & Pucel, 1970;Nawas, Welsch, & Fishman, 1970;Rosen, 1974;Ross & Proctor, 1973;Wilson & Thomas, 1973). None of these studies have indicated that the use of taped relaxation had a negative effect on the outcome data that were generated.…”

Section: Issue'; Involving the Experimental Treatment Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studying therapist warmth in analogue systematic desensitization research: A reply to McGlynn.

Morris

Suckerman²

1976

Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology

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The comparative effectiveness of pairing aversive imagery with relaxation, neutral tasks and muscular tension in reducing snake phobia

Cited by 25 publications

References 10 publications

Effects of various forms of relaxation training on physiological and self-report measures of relaxation.

Effects of various forms of relaxation training on physiological and self-report measures of relaxation.

The Influence of Self-Concept on Change in Client Behaviors: A Review

Studying therapist warmth in analogue systematic desensitization research: A reply to McGlynn.

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