The comparative efficacy of antiseptics against Candida auris biofilms

Abstract

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New and emerging infectious diseases (Ebola, Middle Eastern respiratory syndrome coronavirus, carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae, Candida auris): Focus on environmental survival and germicide susceptibility

“…It appears that 10% povidone-iodine would provide adequate skin antisepsis if applied for ≥1 minute. Using a panel of C auris clinical isolates, Kean et al, 156 screened them for their planktonic and sessile susceptibilities to skin disinfection challenge using povidone-iodine, chlorhexidine gluconate, and hydrogen peroxide. C auris biofilms displayed increased tolerance to antisepsis compared with planktonic cells.…”

Abrogation of pathogenic attributes in drug resistantCandida aurisstrains by farnesol

“…Although C. auris forms significantly reduced biofilms as compared to C. albicans , nevertheless, it has the ability to form biofilms on various medical devices (31). Antifungal resistance and lower susceptibility among C. auris biofilms against commonly used drugs in comparison to C. albicans and C. glabrata has already been reported by researchers (30, 32). Results in the present study established the fact that farnesol prevented adherence of C. auris cells, which is a crucial step in biofilm formation.…”

“…Inhibition of efflux pumps in C. albicans by phytochemicals has been well established by the researchers (18, 36). Researchers have also explained the role of MDR efflux transporters (ABC and MFS transporter) in resistance and the genes encoding these pumps in C. auris (32). Our results are in agreement with previous studies (37), who reported high activity of ABC-type efflux in C. auris than C. glabrata , isolates proposing C. auris with efflux-mediated intrinsic resistance to azoles.…”

“…Candida auris is an emerging MDR pathogen with higher MIC values against commonly used antifungal drugs when compared to other Candida species and the molecular basis of its MDR still remains unclear. Few studies have come up recently that has provided insight into transcriptomic assembly of C. auris and revealed the possible mechanism of drug resistance among these isolates (32, 19). For understanding the molecular basis of farnesol on C. auris drug efflux pumps and biofilm formation, we studied gene expression in C. auris.…”

“…For understanding the molecular basis of farnesol on C. auris drug efflux pumps and biofilm formation, we studied gene expression in C. auris. IIF4, PGA26, PGA7, PGA52 and HYR3 genes played an active role in adhesion of biofilms and SNQ2, CDR1, CDR2, MDR1 , and MDR2 genes were functionally related to efflux pumps in C. auris (32). After the active role of farnesol on the biofilm and efflux pumps, we studied the effect of farnesol on the expression levels of these genes in different C. auris isolates.…”